20230517 linux驱动开发点亮LED灯

usux8025

已于 2023-05-18 13:43:09 修改

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文章标签：驱动开发 linux

于 2023-05-17 17:09:13 首次发布

本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/qq_34218918/article/details/130730362

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Makefile

arch?=arm
mode?=test
ifeq ($(arch),arm)
	KERNEL?=/home/ubuntu/linux-5.10.61
else
	KERNEL:=/lib/modules/$(shell uname -r)/build
endif

PWD:=$(shell pwd)
#make module进行模块化编译
#-C 用于指定需要切换到的目录
#M 用于指定外部模块的源代码目录
all:
	make -C $(KERNEL) M=$(PWD) modules

clean:
	make -C $(KERNEL) M=$(PWD) clean
#用于声明将$(modname).o单独进行模块化编译
obj-m:=$(modname).o

head.h

#ifndef __LED_H__
#define __LED_H__
//定义GPIOx寄存器结构体
typedef struct
{
    unsigned int MODER;
    unsigned int OTYPER;
    unsigned int OSPEEDR;
    unsigned int PUPDR;
    unsigned int IDR;
    unsigned int ODR;
} gpio_t;

//寄存器
#define RCC_AHB4_ENSETR  0x50000A28
#define LEN1_GPIOE 0x50006000
#define LEN2_GPIOF 0x50007000
//灯亮
void LED_ON(void);
//灯灭
void LED_OFF(void);
//寄存器初始化
int init_register(void);
//取消物理内存的映射
void iounmap_register(void);

#endif

mychrdev.c

#include <linux/init.h>
#include <linux/module.h>
#include <linux/fs.h>
#include <linux/uaccess.h>
#include <linux/io.h>
#include <linux/device.h>
#include "head.h"

char kbuf[128]={0};
gpio_t *vir_1;
gpio_t *vir_2;
gpio_t *vir_3;
unsigned int *vir_rcc;

int mydev_open(struct inode *inode, struct file *file) {
    // 在设备打开时执行的操作
    printk("%s:%s:%d\n",__FILE__,__func__,__LINE__);
    return 0;
}
int mydev_release(struct inode *inode, struct file *file) {
    // 在设备关闭时执行的操作
    printk("%s:%s:%d\n",__FILE__,__func__,__LINE__);
    return 0;
}
ssize_t mydev_read(struct file *file, char *buf, size_t len, loff_t *offset) {
    int ret;
    // 从设备读取数据时执行的操作
    if(len > sizeof(kbuf)){
        len = sizeof(kbuf);
    }
    ret = copy_to_user(buf,kbuf,len);
    if(ret){
        printk("copy_to_user failed%d\n",__LINE__);
        return ret;
    }
    printk("%s:%s:%s:%d\n",kbuf,__FILE__,__func__,__LINE__);
    return 0;
}
ssize_t mydev_write(struct file *file, const char *buf, size_t len, loff_t *offset) {
    int ret;
    // 向设备写入数据时执行的操作
    if(len > sizeof(kbuf)){
        len = sizeof(kbuf);
    }
    ret = copy_from_user(kbuf,buf,len);
    if(ret){
        printk("copy_from_user failed%d\n",__LINE__);
        return ret;
    }
    printk("user input %c\n",kbuf[0]);
    if(kbuf[0]=='1'){
        //灯亮
        LED_ON();
    }else if(kbuf[0]=='0'){
        //灯灭
        LED_OFF();
    }
    printk("%s:%s:%s:%d\n",kbuf,__FILE__,__func__,__LINE__);
    return 0;
}
//操作方法结构体变量fops
struct file_operations fops = {
    .open = mydev_open,
    .release = mydev_release,
    .read = mydev_read,
    .write = mydev_write,
};

unsigned int major;
struct class *cls;
struct device *dev;
static int __init mycdev_init(void)
{
    //字符设备驱动注册
    major = register_chrdev(0,"test",&fops);
    if(major < 0){
        printk("register failed,major=%d\n",major);
        return major;
    }
    printk("register success,major=%d\n",major);
    //向上提交目录信息
    cls = class_create(THIS_MODULE,"test");
    if(IS_ERR(cls)){
        printk("class_create failed\n");
        return -PTR_ERR(cls);
    }
    //向上提交设备信息
    dev = device_create(cls,NULL,MKDEV(major,0),NULL,"mychrdev%d",123);
    if(IS_ERR(dev)){
        printk("device_create failed\n");
        return -PTR_ERR(dev);
    }
    //初始化寄存器
    init_register();
    
    return 0;
}
static void __exit mycdev_exit(void)
{
    //销毁device_create申请的空间
    device_destroy(cls,MKDEV(major,0));
    //释放struct class空间
    class_destroy(cls);
    //取消物理内存的映射
    iounmap_register();
    //注销之前注册的字符设备
    unregister_chrdev(major,"test");
}
module_init(mycdev_init);
module_exit(mycdev_exit);
MODULE_LICENSE("GPL");

//灯亮
void LED_ON(void){
    (*vir_1).ODR |= (0x1 << 10);
    (*vir_2).ODR |= (0x1 << 10);
    (*vir_3).ODR |= (0x1 << 8);
}
//灯灭
void LED_OFF(void){
    (*vir_1).ODR &= (~(0x1 << 10));
    (*vir_2).ODR &= (~(0x1 << 10));
    (*vir_3).ODR &= (~(0x1 << 8));
}
//寄存器初始化
int init_register(void){
    //将物理内存映射为虚拟内存
    vir_rcc = ioremap(RCC_AHB4_ENSETR,4);
    if(vir_rcc==NULL){
        printk("寄存器映射失败%d\n",__LINE__);
        return -ENOMEM;
    }
    
    vir_1= ioremap(LEN1_GPIOE,4);
    if(vir_1==NULL){
        printk("寄存器映射失败%d\n",__LINE__);
        return -ENOMEM;
    }
    vir_2 = ioremap(LEN2_GPIOF,4);
    if(vir_2==NULL){
        printk("寄存器映射失败%d\n",__LINE__);
        return -ENOMEM;
    }

    vir_3 = vir_1;

    //设置GPIOE/GPIOF控制器使能
    // LED1-PE10
    // GPIOE_MODER[21:20]=01 0X50006000
    // GPIOE_ORD[10]=1       0X50006014
    // RCC_MC_AHB4ENSETR[4]=1
    (*vir_1).MODER &= (~(0x3<<20));
    (*vir_1).MODER |= (0x1<<20);

    // LED2-PF10
    // GPIOF_MODER[21:20]=01 
    // GPIOF_ORD[10]=1      
    // RCC_MC_AHB4ENSETR[5]=1
    (*vir_2).MODER &= (~(0x3<<20));
    (*vir_2).MODER |= (0x1<<20);

    // LED3-PE8
    // GPIOE_MODER[17:16]=01 
    // GPIOE_ORD[8]=1     
    // RCC_MC_AHB4ENSETR[4]=1
    (*vir_3).MODER &= (~(0x3<<16));
    (*vir_3).MODER |= (0x1<<16);

    (*vir_rcc) |= (0x3 << 4);
    printk("寄存器初始化成功%d\n",__LINE__);
    return 0;
}
//取消物理内存的映射
void iounmap_register(void){
    iounmap(vir_rcc);
    iounmap(vir_1);
    iounmap(vir_2);
    iounmap(vir_3);
}

main.c

#include <stdio.h>
#include <unistd.h>
#include <sys/types.h>
#include <sys/stat.h>
#include <fcntl.h>
#include <string.h>
int main() {
    int fd;
    char buffer[128];

    // 打开鼠标设备文件
    fd = open("/dev/mychrdev123", O_RDWR);
    if (fd < 0) {
        perror("Failed to open /dev/mychrdev123");
        return 1;
    }
    while(1){
        printf("输入1点亮123灯，输入0全部关灯\n");
        //终端输入
        memset(buffer,0,sizeof(buffer));
        fgets(buffer,sizeof(buffer),stdin);
        buffer[strlen(buffer)-1]='\0';
        //数据写到内核
        write(fd, buffer, sizeof(buffer));
    }

    // //清空buffer
    // memset(buffer,0,sizeof(buffer));
    // //从内核读取数据
    // read(fd, buffer, sizeof(buffer));
    // printf("buffer:%s\n",buffer);
    // 关闭鼠标设备文件
    close(fd);

    return 0;
}

mychrdev.sh

make clean   
make arch=arm modname=mychrdev
arm-linux-gnueabihf-gcc main.c
cp ./a.out ~/nfs/rootfs/
cp mychrdev.ko ~/nfs/rootfs/

开发板终端(第二次安装才有效果)

[root@fsmp1a ]# insmod mychrdev.ko
[   22.127618] register success,major=242
[   22.130025] 寄存器初始化成功144
[root@fsmp1a ]# rmmod mychrdev
[root@fsmp1a ]# insmod mychrdev.ko
[   65.861537] register success,major=242
[   65.864071] 寄存器初始化成功144
[root@fsmp1a ]# ./a.out 
[   68.393517] /home/ubuntu/DC22121_driver/20230517/mychrdev.c:mydev_open:20
输入1点亮123灯，输入0全部关灯
1
[   69.626356] user input 1
[   69.627516] 1:/home/ubuntu/DC22121_driver/20230517/mychrdev.c:mydev_write:63
输入1点亮123灯，输入0全部关灯
0