Linux安装MySQL(mysql8、mysql5.7)

一、最新版本MySQL安装

1.1安装        

        sudo dnf install @mysql                一路 y

1.2卸载       

        dnf remove mysql *

        清空 /var/lib/mysql        /        /var/log/mysql

1.3启动        

        systemctl start mysqld.service

1.4关闭        

        systemctl stop mysqld.service （或者在mysql>中执行 shutdown；）

1.5查看启动日志        

        tail -fn300 /var/log/mysqld.log

1.6登录   

        未设置密码直接登录 mysql -u root -p

        设置密码
        alter user 'root'@'%' identified with mysql_native_password by 'password';       

        查看用户信 select host,userfrom mysql.user;

        工具mysql链接/授权远程访问(关闭防火墙-开启3306访问通道)

        grant all privileges on *.* to 'root'@'%';
        flush privileges;

        alter user 'root'@'%' identified with mysql_native_password by 'password';
        flush privileges;

二、安装MySQL5.7（指定版本）

2.1下载安装包

MySQL :: Download MySQL Community Server

百度网盘地址 百度网盘 提取码 qcz9

2.2解压缩  

tar -xzvf mysql-5.7.36-linux-glibc2.12-i686.tar.gz

建议将压缩文件放在/usr/local目录下并重命名为‘mysql’

2.3用户与文件夹创建、配置

groupadd mysql        
useradd -r -g mysql mysql

mkdir -p  /data/mysql                 
chown mysql:mysql -R /data/mysql    

 vim /etc/my.cnf

[mysqld]
# 开发访问IIP限制
bind-address=0.0.0.0
# 端口
port=3306
user=mysql
basedir=/usr/local/mysql
datadir=/data/mysql
socket=/tmp/mysql.sock
log-error=/data/mysql/mysql.err
pid-file=/data/mysql/mysql.pid
character_set_server=utf8mb4
symbolic-links=0
explicit_defaults_for_timestamp=true
        

2.4初始化、启动、调用mysql

2.4.1初始化   

        cd /usr/local/mysql/bin/
        ./mysqld
        --defaults-file=/etc/my.cnf 
        --basedir=/usr/local/mysql/ 
        --datadir=/data/mysql/ 
        --user=mysql 
        --initialize

2.4.2查看默认密码

        cat /data/mysql/mysql.err

2.4.3配置mysql脚本轻松访问

        cp /usr/local/mysql/support-files/mysql.server /etc/init.d/mysql
        ln -s  /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysql    /usr/bin

2.4.4启动

        service mysql start

2.4.5登录

        ./mysql -u root -p

2.4.6修改密码

        set password = password('000000');
        alter user 'root'@'localhost' password expire never;
        flush privileges;

        新增数据库、用户
        create database test2021 character set utf8;     
        grant all on *.* to 'test2021'@'%' identified by 'test2021';
        flush privileges;

2.4.7开放访问限制

        update user set host = '%' where user = 'root';
        flush privileges;