Vue基础21
Vuex
多组件共享数据
Calculation.vue
<template>
<div>
<h1>当前求和为:{{sum}}</h1>
<h2>当前求和数放大10倍后为:{{bigSum}}</h2>
<h3>我在{{school}}学习{{subject}}</h3>
<h3 style="color: red;">person组件的总人数为:{{personList.length}}</h3>
<div class="event">
<!-- v-model.number强制转换为数字-->
<select class="same" v-model.number="n">
<option value="1">1</option>
<option value="2">2</option>
<option value="3">3</option>
</select>
<button class="same" @click="increment(n)">+</button>
<button class="same" @click="decrement(n)">-</button>
<button class="same" @click="incrementOdd(n)">当前和为奇数再加</button>
<button class="same" @click="incrementWait(n)">等一等再加</button>
</div>
</div>
</template>
<script>
import {mapState,mapGetters,mapMutations,mapActions} from 'vuex'
export default {
name: "Calculation",
data(){
return{
n:1, //用户选择的数字
}
},
methods:{
...mapMutations({increment:"Addmore",decrement:"Deduce"}),
...mapActions({incrementOdd:"addOdd",incrementWait:"addWait"})
},
computed:{
//借助mapState生成计算属性,从state中读取数据(对象写法)
// ...mapState({he:"sum",xuexiao:"school",xueke:"subject"}),
//借助mapState生成计算属性,从state中读取数据(数组写法)
...mapState(["sum","school","subject","personList"]),
//借助mapGetters生成计算属性,从getters中读取数据(对象写法)
// ...mapGetters({bigSum:'bigSum'})
// 借助mapGetters生成计算属性,从getters中读取数据(数组写法)
...mapGetters(["bigSum"])
},
mounted() {
// const x=mapState({he:"sum",xuexiao:"school",xueke:"subject"})
const x=mapState(["sum","school","subject"])
console.log(x)
}
}
</script>
<style scoped>
.event{
display: flex;
justify-content: space-between;
width: 300px;
}
</style>
Persons.vue
<template>
<div>
<h1>人员列表</h1>
<h3 style="color: red;">calculation组件求和为:{{sum}}</h3>
<input type="text" v-model="name"> <button @click="addPerson">添加</button>
<ul>
<li v-for="p in personList" :key="p.id">{{p.name}}</li>
</ul>
</div>
</template>
<script>
import {nanoid} from 'nanoid'
export default {
name: "Persons",
data(){
return{
name:""
}
},
computed:{
personList(){
return this.$store.state.personList
},
sum(){
return this.$store.state.sum
}
},
methods:{
addPerson(){
var personObj={id:nanoid(),name:this.name}
this.$store.commit("AddPerson",personObj)
this.name=""
}
}
}
</script>
<style scoped>
</style>
src/store/index.js
//该文件用于创建Vuex中最为核心的store
import Vue from 'vue'
//引入Vuex
import Vuex from 'vuex'
//应用vuex插件
Vue.use(Vuex)
//准备actions——用于响应组件中的动作
const actions={
addOdd(context,value){
if(context.state.sum%2){
console.log("actions中的addOdd被调用了")
context.commit("Addmore",value)
}
},
addWait(context,value){
setTimeout(()=>{
console.log("actions中的addWait被调用了")
context.commit("Addmore",value)
},500)
}
}
//准备mutations——用于操作数组(state)
const mutations={
Addmore(state,value){
console.log("mutations中的Addmore被调用了")
state.sum+=value
},
Deduce(state,value){
console.log("mutations中的Deduce被调用了")
state.sum-=value
},
AddPerson(state,value){
state.personList.unshift(value)
}
}
//准备state——用于存储数组
const state={
sum:0,
school:"幸福大学",
subject:"计算机",
personList:[
{id:"001",name:"张三"}
]
}
//准备getters——用于将state中的数据进行加工
const getters={
bigSum(state){
return state.sum*10
}
}
//创建并暴露store
export default new Vuex.Store({
actions,
mutations,
state,
getters
})
vuex模块化+namespace
模块化
src/store/index.js
//该文件用于创建Vuex中最为核心的store
import Vue from 'vue'
//引入Vuex
import Vuex from 'vuex'
//应用vuex插件
Vue.use(Vuex)
//求和相关的配置
const countOptions={
namespaced:true,
//准备actions——用于响应组件中的动作
actions:{
addOdd(context,value){
if(context.state.sum%2){
console.log("actions中的addOdd被调用了")
context.commit("Addmore",value)
}
},
addWait(context,value){
setTimeout(()=>{
console.log("actions中的addWait被调用了")
context.commit("Addmore",value)
},500)
}
},
//准备mutations——用于操作数组(state)
mutations:{
Addmore(state,value){
console.log("mutations中的Addmore被调用了")
state.sum+=value
},
Deduce(state,value){
console.log("mutations中的Deduce被调用了")
state.sum-=value
},
},
//准备state——用于存储数组
state:{
sum:0,
school:"幸福大学",
subject:"计算机",
},
//准备getters——用于将state中的数据进行加工
getters:{
bigSum(state){
return state.sum*10
}
}
}
//人员相关的配置
const personOptions={
namespaced:true,
actions:{
addPersonWang(context,value){
if(value.name.indexOf("王")==0){
context.commit("AddPerson",value)
}else{
alert("添加的必须是姓王的人!")
}
}
},
mutations:{
AddPerson(state,value){
state.personList.unshift(value)
}
},
state:{
personList:[
{id:"001",name:"张三"}
]
},
getters:{
firstPersonName(state){
return state.personList[0].name
}
}
}
//创建并暴露store
export default new Vuex.Store({
modules:{
countAbout:countOptions,
personAbout:personOptions
}
})
Calculation.vue
<template>
<div>
<h1>当前求和为:{{sum}}</h1>
<h2>当前求和数放大10倍后为:{{bigSum}}</h2>
<h3>我在{{school}}学习{{subject}}</h3>
<h3 style="color: red;">person组件的总人数为:{{personList.length}}</h3>
<div class="event">
<!-- v-model.number强制转换为数字-->
<select class="same" v-model.number="n">
<option value="1">1</option>
<option value="2">2</option>
<option value="3">3</option>
</select>
<button class="same" @click="increment(n)">+</button>
<button class="same" @click="decrement(n)">-</button>
<button class="same" @click="incrementOdd(n)">当前和为奇数再加</button>
<button class="same" @click="incrementWait(n)">等一等再加</button>
</div>
</div>
</template>
<script>
import {mapState,mapGetters,mapMutations,mapActions} from 'vuex'
export default {
name: "Calculation",
data(){
return{
n:1, //用户选择的数字
}
},
methods:{
...mapMutations('countAbout',{increment:"Addmore",decrement:"Deduce"}),
...mapActions('countAbout',{incrementOdd:"addOdd",incrementWait:"addWait"})
},
computed:{
//借助mapState生成计算属性,从state中读取数据(对象写法)
// ...mapState({he:"sum",xuexiao:"school",xueke:"subject"}),
//借助mapState生成计算属性,从state中读取数据(数组写法)
...mapState('countAbout',["sum","school","subject"]),
...mapState('personAbout',["personList"]),
//借助mapGetters生成计算属性,从getters中读取数据(对象写法)
// ...mapGetters({bigSum:'bigSum'})
// 借助mapGetters生成计算属性,从getters中读取数据(数组写法)
...mapGetters('countAbout',["bigSum"])
},
mounted() {
console.log(this.$store)
}
}
</script>
<style scoped>
.event{
display: flex;
justify-content: space-between;
width: 300px;
}
</style>
Persons.vue
<template>
<div>
<h1>人员列表</h1>
<h3 style="color: red;">calculation组件求和为:{{sum}}</h3>
<h3>列表中第一个人的名字是:{{firstName}}</h3>
<input type="text" v-model="name"> <button @click="addPerson">添加</button>
<button @click="addWang">添加一个姓王的人</button>
<ul>
<li v-for="p in personList" :key="p.id">{{p.name}}</li>
</ul>
</div>
</template>
<script>
import {nanoid} from 'nanoid'
export default {
name: "Persons",
data(){
return{
name:""
}
},
computed:{
personList(){
return this.$store.state.personAbout.personList
},
sum(){
return this.$store.state.countAbout.sum
},
firstName(){
return this.$store.getters['personAbout/firstPersonName']
}
},
methods:{
addPerson(){
var personObj={id:nanoid(),name:this.name}
this.$store.commit("personAbout/AddPerson",personObj)
this.name=""
},
addWang(){
var personObj={id:nanoid(),name:this.name}
this.$store.dispatch("personAbout/addPersonWang",personObj)
this.name=""
}
}
}
</script>
<style scoped>
</style>
App.vue
<template>
<div class="bg">
<Calculation></Calculation>
<hr>
<Persons></Persons>
</div>
</template>
<script>
import Calculation from "@/components/Calculation";
import Persons from "@/components/Persons";
export default {
name: "App",
components: {Calculation,Persons},
mounted() {
console.log("App",this)
}
}
</script>
发送Ajax请求处理并拆分store
请求
https://api.uixsj.cn/hitokoto/get?type=social
随机生成语录
src/store/personOptions.js
//人员相关的配置
import axios from "axios";
import {nanoid} from 'nanoid'
export default {
namespaced:true,
actions:{
addPersonWang(context,value){
if(value.name.indexOf("王")==0){
context.commit("AddPerson",value)
}else{
alert("添加的必须是姓王的人!")
}
},
addPerson(context){
axios.get("https://api.uixsj.cn/hitokoto/get?type=social").then(
response=>{
context.commit("AddPerson",{id:nanoid(),name:response.data})
},
error=>{
alert(error.message)
}
)
}
},
mutations:{
AddPerson(state,value){
state.personList.unshift(value)
}
},
state:{
personList:[
{id:"001",name:"张三"}
]
},
getters:{
firstPersonName(state){
return state.personList[0].name
}
}
}
src/store/countOptions.js
//求和相关的配置
const countOptions={
namespaced:true,
//准备actions——用于响应组件中的动作
actions:{
addOdd(context,value){
if(context.state.sum%2){
console.log("actions中的addOdd被调用了")
context.commit("Addmore",value)
}
},
addWait(context,value){
setTimeout(()=>{
console.log("actions中的addWait被调用了")
context.commit("Addmore",value)
},500)
}
},
//准备mutations——用于操作数组(state)
mutations:{
Addmore(state,value){
console.log("mutations中的Addmore被调用了")
state.sum+=value
},
Deduce(state,value){
console.log("mutations中的Deduce被调用了")
state.sum-=value
},
},
//准备state——用于存储数组
state:{
sum:0,
school:"幸福大学",
subject:"计算机",
},
//准备getters——用于将state中的数据进行加工
getters:{
bigSum(state){
return state.sum*10
}
}
}
export default countOptions
main.js
import Vue from 'vue'
import App from './App'
//引入vue-resource插件
import vueresource from 'vue-resource'
//引入store
import store from './store'
Vue.config.productionTip = false
//使用vue-resource插件
Vue.use(vueresource)
new Vue({
el: "#app",
render: h => h(App),
store,
beforeCreate() {
Vue.prototype.$bus = this
}
})
src/store/index.js
//该文件用于创建Vuex中最为核心的store
import Vue from 'vue'
//引入Vuex
import Vuex from 'vuex'
//应用vuex插件
Vue.use(Vuex)
//引入
import countOptions from "@/store/countOptions";
import personOptions from "@/store/personOptions";
//创建并暴露store
export default new Vuex.Store({
modules:{
countAbout:countOptions,
personAbout:personOptions
}
})
Persons.vue
<template>
<div>
<h1>人员列表</h1>
<h3 style="color: red;">calculation组件求和为:{{sum}}</h3>
<h3>列表中第一个人的名字是:{{firstName}}</h3>
<input type="text" v-model="name"> <button @click="addPerson">添加</button>
<button @click="addWang">添加一个姓王的人</button>
<button @click="addPersonServer">添加一个随机的人名</button>
<ul>
<li v-for="p in personList" :key="p.id">{{p.name}}</li>
</ul>
</div>
</template>
<script>
import {nanoid} from 'nanoid'
export default {
name: "Persons",
data(){
return{
name:""
}
},
computed:{
personList(){
return this.$store.state.personAbout.personList
},
sum(){
return this.$store.state.countAbout.sum
},
firstName(){
return this.$store.getters['personAbout/firstPersonName']
}
},
methods:{
addPerson(){
var personObj={id:nanoid(),name:this.name}
this.$store.commit("personAbout/AddPerson",personObj)
this.name=""
},
addWang(){
var personObj={id:nanoid(),name:this.name}
this.$store.dispatch("personAbout/addPersonWang",personObj)
this.name=""
},
addPersonServer(){
this.$store.dispatch("personAbout/addPerson")
}
}
}
</script>
<style scoped>
</style>
Calculation.vue
<template>
<div>
<h1>当前求和为:{{sum}}</h1>
<h2>当前求和数放大10倍后为:{{bigSum}}</h2>
<h3>我在{{school}}学习{{subject}}</h3>
<h3 style="color: red;">person组件的总人数为:{{personList.length}}</h3>
<div class="event">
<!-- v-model.number强制转换为数字-->
<select class="same" v-model.number="n">
<option value="1">1</option>
<option value="2">2</option>
<option value="3">3</option>
</select>
<button class="same" @click="increment(n)">+</button>
<button class="same" @click="decrement(n)">-</button>
<button class="same" @click="incrementOdd(n)">当前和为奇数再加</button>
<button class="same" @click="incrementWait(n)">等一等再加</button>
</div>
</div>
</template>
<script>
import {mapState,mapGetters,mapMutations,mapActions} from 'vuex'
export default {
name: "Calculation",
data(){
return{
n:1, //用户选择的数字
}
},
methods:{
...mapMutations('countAbout',{increment:"Addmore",decrement:"Deduce"}),
...mapActions('countAbout',{incrementOdd:"addOdd",incrementWait:"addWait"})
},
computed:{
//借助mapState生成计算属性,从state中读取数据(对象写法)
// ...mapState({he:"sum",xuexiao:"school",xueke:"subject"}),
//借助mapState生成计算属性,从state中读取数据(数组写法)
...mapState('countAbout',["sum","school","subject"]),
...mapState('personAbout',["personList"]),
//借助mapGetters生成计算属性,从getters中读取数据(对象写法)
// ...mapGetters({bigSum:'bigSum'})
// 借助mapGetters生成计算属性,从getters中读取数据(数组写法)
...mapGetters('countAbout',["bigSum"])
},
mounted() {
console.log(this.$store)
}
}
</script>
<style scoped>
.event{
display: flex;
justify-content: space-between;
width: 300px;
}
</style>
App.vue
<template>
<div class="bg">
<Calculation></Calculation>
<hr>
<Persons></Persons>
</div>
</template>
<script>
import Calculation from "@/components/Calculation";
import Persons from "@/components/Persons";
export default {
name: "App",
components: {Calculation,Persons},
mounted() {
console.log("App",this)
}
}
</script>
总结:模块化+命名空间
- 目的:让代码更好维护,让多种数据分类更加明确
- 修改store.js
const countAbout={
namespaced:true,//开启命名空间
state:{x},
mutations:{...},
actions:{...},
getters:{
bigSum(state){
return state.sum*10
}
}
}
const personAbout={
namespaced:true,//开启命名空间
state:{...},
mutations:{...},
actions:{...}
}
const store=new Vuex.Store({
modules:{
countAbout,
personAbout
}
})
- 开启命名空间后,组件中读取state数据
//方式一:自己直接读取
this.$store.state.personAbout.list
//方式二:借助mapState读取
...mapState('countAbout',['sum','school','subject']),
- 开启命名空间后,组件中读取getters数据
//方式一:自己直接读取
this.$store.getters['personAbout/firstPersonName']
//方式二:借助mapGetters读取
...mapGetters('countAbout',['bigSum']),
- 开启命名空间后,组件中调用dispatch
//方式一:自己直接dispatch
this.$store.dispatch('personAbout/addPersonWang',person)
//方式二:借助mapActions读取
...mapActions('countAbout',{incrementOdd:'jiaOdd',incrementWait:'jiaWait'}),
- 开启命名空间后,组件中调用commit
//方式一:自己直接commit
this.$store.commit('personAbout/ADD_PERSON',person)
//方式二:借助mapMutations读取
...mapMutations('countAbout',{incrementOdd:'JIA',decrement:'JIAN'}),