scala-OO-构造器

/**
 * 构造器
 **/
object ConstructorApp {

  def main(args: Array[String]): Unit = {
//    val person = new Person("若泽", 30)
//    println(s"name is: ${person.name}, age is: ${person.age}")

//    val p2 = new Person("PK哥", 31, "M")  // 调用的附属构造器
//    println(s"name is: ${p2.name}, age is: ${p2.age}, gender is: ${p2.gender}")

    /**
     * 继承：new 子类时
     * 先调用父类构造器，再调用子类构造器
     */
    val student = new Student("若泽", 30, "cs")
//    println(s"name is: ${student.name}, " +
//      s"age is: ${student.age}, major is: ${student.major}, school is ${student.school}")

    println(student.toString()) // full@hash

  }
}

/**
 * class 类名(....)  在Scala中叫做主构造器
 *
 * 附属构造器
 */
class Person(val name:String, val age:Int) {   // 默认也把括号中定义的东西转成属性
  println("Person Constructor enter...")

  val school = "pku"
  var gender:String = _

  /**
   * 附属构造器
   * 1) def this定义的叫做附属构造器
   * 2) 一个附属构造器中第一行必须要调用主构造器或者其他附属构造器
   */
  def this(name:String, age:Int, gender:String) {
    this(name, age) // 调用主构造器
    this.gender = gender
  }

  // 默认class里面是有一个toString
  override def toString() = "父类的toString方法"

  println("Person Constructor leave...")
}

/**
 * 继承：父和子之间
 */
class Student(name:String, age:Int, val major:String) extends Person(name,age) {
  println("Student Constructor enter...")

  // 父子之间：属性的重写
  override val school = "nudt"

  // 父子之间：方法的重写
  override def toString() = "子类的toString方法"

  /**
   * 重写来说，需要一个关键字override来修饰
   */

  println("Student Constructor enter...")

}


/**
 * public class Person {
 *    private final java.lang.String name;
 *    private final int age;
 *
 *    public java.lang.String name();
 *    public int age();
 *
 *    public Person(java.lang.String, int);
 * }
 */

输出结果：

Person Constructor enter...
Person Constructor leave...
Student Constructor enter...
Student Constructor enter...
子类的toString方法