1 进程: 程序的动态状态 进程 : cpu , memory,io
进程id:
[root@server0 Desktop]# ps -aux #查看进程状态
USER PID %CPU %MEM VSZ RSS TTY STAT START TIME COMMAND
root 1 0.0 0.1 52840 5232 ? Ss 08:52 0:06 /usr/lib/systemd
用户 进程ID 虚存地址空间 物理内存 状态 S:sleep s:子进程 程序名
查看当前/bin/bash的pid:
[root@server0 Desktop]#
[root@server0 Desktop]# echo $$
16515
[root@server0 Desktop]#
[root@server0 Desktop]# echo $$
16515
[root@server0 Desktop]# /bin/bash
[root@server0 Desktop]# echo $$
16717
[root@server0 Desktop]# /bin/bash
[root@server0 Desktop]# echo $$
16750
[root@server0 Desktop]#
查看进程树:pstree
[root@server0 Desktop]# pstree |grep gnome-terminal
|-gnome-terminal--+-bash---bash---bash-+-grep
| `-3*[{gnome-terminal-}]
[root@server0 Desktop]#
杀掉进程:手动
kill -9 pid : 强制终止进程
killall -9 /bin/bash: killall -9 程序名
进程自动被kill:内存不足 随机杀掉进程 配置更大的swap分区
系统CPU信息:
cpu的负载平均值:
[root@server0 Desktop]# uptime
16:13:12 up 7:21, 1 user, load average: 0.00, 0.03, 0.05 # 2 倍于 cores
一分钟 五分钟 十五钟 running 进程的数
[root@server0 Desktop]#
cpu性能:
[root@server0 Desktop]# lscpu
Architecture: x86_64
CPU op-mode(s): 32-bit, 64-bit
Byte Order: Little Endian
CPU(s): 2 #vcpu 无超线程 VCPUS = CORES 物理内核数
On-line CPU(s) list: 0,1
Thread(s) per core: 1 # 无超线程
Core(s) per socket: 2
Socket(s): 1
NUMA node(s): 1
Vendor ID: GenuineIntel
CPU family: 6
Model: 60
Model name: Intel(R) Core(TM) i7-4700MQ CPU @ 2.40GHz
Stepping: 3
CPU MHz: 2394.459
BogoMIPS: 4788.91
Hypervisor vendor: VMware
Virtualization type: full
L1d cache: 32K
L1i cache: 32K
L2 cache: 256K
L3 cache: 6144K
NUMA node0 CPU(s): 0,1
[root@server0 Desktop]#
[root@server0 Desktop]# top
top - 16:37:33 up 18 min, 2 users, load average: 0.07, 0.03, 0.05
Tasks: 469 total, 1 running, 468 sleeping, 0 stopped, 0 zombie
%Cpu(s): 6.8 us, 1.9 sy, 0.0 ni, 91.4 id, 0.0 wa, 0.0 hi, 0.0 si, 0.0 st
KiB Mem: 3869044 total, 964384 used, 2904660 free, 812 buffers
KiB Swap: 0 total, 0 used, 0 free. 335308 cached Mem
PID USER PR NI VIRT RES SHR S %CPU %MEM TIME+ COMMAND
2334 root 20 0 1760936 235780 37824 S 12.9 6.1 0:23.34 gnome-shell
1009 root 20 0 205472 35736 7640 S 5.3 0.9 0:04.68 Xorg
2585 root 20 0 619448 18492 12160 S 2.6 0.5 0:00.97 gnome-terminal-
2806 root 20 0 123920 1916 1152 R 0.7 0.0 0:00.09 top
2467 root 20 0 346436 16780 13468 S 0.3 0.4 0:01.08 vmtoolsd
1 root 20 0 52840 6632 3768 S 0.0 0.2 0:03.84 systemd
2 root 20 0 0 0 0 S 0.0 0.0 0:00.01 kthreadd
3 root 20 0 0 0 0 S 0.0 0.0 0:00.10 ksoftirqd/0
4 root 20 0 0 0 0 S 0.0 0.0 0:00.00 kworker/0:0
PR: 进程优先级 20
NI: nice 可以调整 nice值 -20 到 19 程序默认 值为0 越小越好
nice:
[root@server0 Desktop]#
[root@server0 Desktop]# dd if=/dev/zero of=/dev/null &
[1] 2865
[root@server0 Desktop]# dd if=/dev/zero of=/dev/null &
[2] 2869
[root@server0 Desktop]# dd if=/dev/zero of=/dev/null &
[3] 2873
[root@server0 Desktop]# dd if=/dev/zero of=/dev/null &
[4] 2877
[root@server0 Desktop]#
修改已运行进程的nice值:
[root@server0 Desktop]# renice -n -10 2873
2873 (process ID) old priority 0, new priority -10
[root@server0 Desktop]#
在运行程序时,指定nice:
[root@server0 Desktop]# nice -n -10 dd if=/dev/zero of=/dev/null &
PR: 99
[root@server0 Desktop]# chrt -f 99 dd if=/dev/zero of=/dev/null &