redis 配置文件（ IP、端口、密码等信息）

1 单位

# Note on units: when memory size is needed, it is possible to specify
# it in the usual form of 1k 5GB 4M and so forth:
#
# 1k => 1000 bytes
# 1kb => 1024 bytes
# 1m => 1000000 bytes
# 1mb => 1024*1024 bytes
# 1g => 1000000000 bytes
# 1gb => 1024*1024*1024 bytes
#
# units are case insensitive so 1GB 1Gb 1gB are all the same.

redis 的单位不区分大小写

2 包含（配置文件的引用）

################################## INCLUDES ###################################

# Include one or more other config files here.  This is useful if you
# have a standard template that goes to all Redis servers but also need
# to customize a few per-server settings.  Include files can include
# other files, so use this wisely.
#
# Notice option "include" won't be rewritten by command "CONFIG REWRITE"
# from admin or Redis Sentinel. Since Redis always uses the last processed
# line as value of a configuration directive, you'd better put includes
# at the beginning of this file to avoid overwriting config change at runtime.
#
# If instead you are interested in using includes to override configuration
# options, it is better to use include as the last line.
#
# include /path/to/local.conf
# include /path/to/other.conf

表示可以使用多个配置文件，类似于 Java 中的 import java.util.List 等。

3 网络（IP、端口）

################################## NETWORK #####################################

# By default, if no "bind" configuration directive is specified, Redis listens
# for connections from all the network interfaces available on the server.
# It is possible to listen to just one or multiple selected interfaces using
# the "bind" configuration directive, followed by one or more IP addresses.
#
# Examples:
#
# bind 192.168.1.100 10.0.0.1
# bind 127.0.0.1 ::1
...
...

bind 127.0.0.1	

protected-mode yes

port 6379

• bind 绑定的 IP，默认是本地，可以指定 IP，表示只有指定的 IP 才可访问，注释掉的话则全部 IP 都可访问。
• protected-mode 保护模式，默认开启
• port 端口

4 通用配置（启动方式、日志等）

################################ GENERAL #####################################

# By default Redis does not run as a daemon. Use 'yes' if you need it.
# Note that Redis will write a pid file in /var/run/redis.pid when daemonized.
daemonize yes

...

supervised no
...
pidfile /var/run/redis_6379.pid
...
# debug (a lot of information, useful for development/testing)
# verbose (many rarely useful info, but not a mess like the debug level)
# notice (moderately verbose, what you want in production probably)
# warning (only very important / critical messages are logged)
loglevel notice
...
logfile 
...
databases 16
...
always-show-logo yes

• daemonize 表示以守护进程的方式运行，默认 no，需要改为 yes，避免关闭客户端后，redis 也跟着关闭。
• pidfile 表示如果以后台方式运行，则需要指定 pid 文件。
• loglevel 日志级别，debug 用户测试和开发阶段；notice 重要信息日志，生产环境使用。
• logfile 日志文件路径。
  databases 数据库数量，默认 16 个。
  always-show-logo 表示启动时是否显示 logo。

5 快照（持久化）

  redis 是内存数据库，断电或宕机重启导致数据丢失，因此需要持久化。持久化的文件为 xxx.rdb、xxx.aof。

################################ SNAPSHOTTING  ################################
#
# Save the DB on disk:
#
#   save <seconds> <changes>
...
save 900 1
save 300 10
save 60 10000
...
stop-writes-on-bgsave-error yes
...
rdbcompression yes
...
rdbchecksum yes
...
dir ./

• save 900 1 表示如果在 900 秒内，至少有 1 个 key 进行了修改，则进行持久化操作。
• save 300 10 表示如果在 300秒内，至少有 10个 key 进行了修改，则进行持久化操作。
• stop-writes-on-bgsave-error 表示持久化出错时，是否继续作业
• rdbcompression 表示是否压缩 rdb 文件，需要消耗一些 cpu 资源
• rdbchecksum 表示保存 rdb 文件时，是否进行校验
• dir 表示 rdb 文件的保存目录

6 主从复制

################################# REPLICATION #################################

# Master-Replica replication. Use replicaof to make a Redis instance a copy of
# another Redis server. A few things to understand ASAP about Redis replication.
#
#   +------------------+      +---------------+
#   |      Master      | ---> |    Replica    |
#   | (receive writes) |      |  (exact copy) |
#   +------------------+      +---------------+
...
# replicaof <masterip> <masterport>

#
# masterauth <master-password>

redis 默认为 master，因此需要配置主从复制的话，只需要将以下信息修改即可，修改完后则变为了从机（slave）

• relicaof ：为 master 的 ip 和端口。
• masterauth ： 为 master 的密码。

7 安全（密码）

################################## SECURITY ###################################

# Require clients to issue AUTH <PASSWORD> before processing any other
# commands.  This might be useful in environments in which you do not trust
# others with access to the host running redis-server.
#
# This should stay commented out for backward compatibility and because most
# people do not need auth (e.g. they run their own servers).
#
# Warning: since Redis is pretty fast an outside user can try up to
# 150k passwords per second against a good box. This means that you should
# use a very strong password otherwise it will be very easy to break.
#
# requirepass foobared

• requirepass 密码，默认没有密码，如果需要则设置密码

  [root@VM-0-4-centos ~]# redis-cli -p 6379
  # 获取密码
  127.0.0.1:6379> config get requirepass	
  1) "requirepass"
  2) ""
  # 设置密码
  >127.0.0.1:6379> config set requirepass	12455
  OK
  # 重新关闭客户端再进入时，输入一下命令，则显示无权限
  127.0.0.1:6379> keys *
  (error) NOAUTH Authentication required.
  # 输入密码
  127.0.0.1:6379> auth 12455
  OK
  

8 客户端

################################### CLIENTS ####################################

# Set the max number of connected clients at the same time. By default
# this limit is set to 10000 clients, however if the Redis server is not
# able to configure the process file limit to allow for the specified limit
# the max number of allowed clients is set to the current file limit
# minus 32 (as Redis reserves a few file descriptors for internal uses).
#
# Once the limit is reached Redis will close all the new connections sending
# an error 'max number of clients reached'.
#
# maxclients 10000

maxclients 表示最大客户端数量

9 内存

############################## MEMORY MANAGEMENT ################################

# Set a memory usage limit to the specified amount of bytes.
# When the memory limit is reached Redis will try to remove keys
# according to the eviction policy selected (see maxmemory-policy).
...
# maxmemory <bytes>
...
# maxmemory-policy noeviction

• maxmemory 表示最大的内存容量，默认字节
• maxmemory-policy 表示内存达到设置上限后的处理策略，如下：
  • volatile-lru 利用 LRU 算法移除设置过过期时间的 key (LRU:最近使用 Least Recently Used ) 。
  • allkeys-lru 利用 LRU 算法移除任何 key （和上一个相比，删除的 key 包括设置过期时间和不设置过期时间的）。通常使用该方式。
  • volatile-random 移除设置过过期时间的随机 key 。
  • allkeys-random 无差别的随机移除。
  • volatile-ttl 移除即将过期的 key(minor TTL)
  • noeviction 不移除任何 key，只是返回一个写错误 ，默认选项，一般不会选用。

10 AOF 持久化配置

############################## APPEND ONLY MODE ###############################

# By default Redis asynchronously dumps the dataset on disk. This mode is
# good enough in many applications, but an issue with the Redis process or
# a power outage may result into a few minutes of writes lost (depending on
# the configured save points).
...
appendonly no
...
appendfilename "appendonly.aof"
...
# appendfsync always
appendfsync everysec
# appendfsync no

• appendonly 表示启动 AOF 模式，默认使用 rdb 方式持久化，大部分情况，rdb 够用。
• appendfilename 表示持久化文件名。
• appendfsync 表示持久化频率：
  • always 表示每次修改都会持久化一次，消耗性能。
  • everysec 表示每秒持久化一次，可能丢失持久化这 1 秒的数据。
  • no 表示不执行。