编写精美的聊天界面

既然是要写一个聊天界面，那么就肯定要有收到的信息和发出的信息。

dependencies {
    implementation fileTree(dir: 'libs', include: ['*.jar'])
    implementation 'com.android.support:appcompat-v7:26.1.0'
    implementation 'com.android.support.constraint:constraint-layout:1.1.0'
    testImplementation 'junit:junit:4.12'
    androidTestImplementation 'com.android.support.test:runner:1.0.2'
    androidTestImplementation 'com.android.support.test.espresso:espresso-core:3.0.2'
    compile 'com.android.support:recyclerview-v7:26.1.0'
}

接下来开始编写主界面，修改activity_main.xml中的代码，如下所示：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    android:layout_width="match_parent"
    android:layout_height="match_parent"
    android:orientation="vertical"
    android:background="#d8e0e8"
    >

    <android.support.v7.widget.RecyclerView
        android:id="@+id/msg_recycler_view"
        android:layout_width="match_parent"
        android:layout_height="0dp"
        android:layout_weight="1"
        />
    <LinearLayout
        android:layout_width="match_parent"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content">

        <EditText
            android:id="@+id/input_text"
            android:layout_width="0dp"
            android:layout_weight="1"
            android:layout_height="wrap_content" />
        <Button
            android:id="@+id/send"
            android:layout_width="wrap_content"
            android:layout_height="wrap_content"
            android:text="send"
            />
    </LinearLayout>
</LinearLayout>

定义消息的实体类，新建Msg,代码如下所示:

public class Msg {
    public static final int TYPE_RECEIVED=0;

    public static final int TYPE_SEND=1;

    private String content;

    private int type;

    public Msg(String content,int type){
        this.content=content;
        this.type=type;
    }

    public String getContent() {
        return content;
    }

    public void setContent(String content) {
        this.content = content;
    }

    public int getType() {
        return type;
    }

    public void setType(int type) {
        this.type = type;
    }
}

Msg类中只有两个字段，content表示消息的内容，type表示消息的类型。其中消息类型有两个值可选，TYPE_RECEIVED表示这是一条收到的消息，TYPE_SEND表示这是一条发出的消息。接下来编写RecyclerView子项的布局，新建msg_item.xml,代码如下

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    android:orientation="vertical"
    android:layout_width="match_parent"
    android:layout_height="wrap_content"
    android:padding="10dp"
    >
    <LinearLayout
        android:id="@+id/left_layout"
        android:layout_width="wrap_content"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:layout_gravity="left"
        android:background="@drawable/message"
        >
        <TextView
            android:id="@+id/left_msg"
            android:layout_width="wrap_content"
            android:layout_height="wrap_content"
            android:layout_gravity="center"
            android:layout_margin="10dp"
            android:textColor="#fff"
            />
    </LinearLayout>
    <LinearLayout
        android:id="@+id/right_layout"
        android:layout_width="wrap_content"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:layout_gravity="right"
        android:background="@drawable/message"
        >
        <TextView
            android:id="@+id/right_msg"
            android:layout_width="wrap_content"
            android:layout_height="wrap_content"
            android:layout_gravity="center"
            android:layout_margin="10dp"
            />

    </LinearLayout>
</LinearLayout>

接下来需要创建RecyclerView的适配器类，新建类MsgAdapter,代码如下所示：

public class MsgAdapter extends RecyclerView.Adapter<MsgAdapter.ViewHolder> {
    private List<Msg>mMsgList;
    static class ViewHolder extends RecyclerView.ViewHolder{
        LinearLayout leftLayout;
        LinearLayout rightLayout;
        TextView leftMsg;
        TextView rightMsg;

        public ViewHolder(View itemView) {
            super(itemView);
            leftLayout=(LinearLayout) itemView.findViewById(R.id.left_layout);
            rightLayout=(LinearLayout)itemView.findViewById(R.id.right_layout);
            leftMsg=(TextView)itemView.findViewById(R.id.left_msg);
            rightMsg=(TextView)itemView.findViewById(R.id.right_msg);
        }


    }
    public MsgAdapter(List<Msg>msgList){
        this.mMsgList=msgList;
    }
    @Override
    public MsgAdapter.ViewHolder onCreateViewHolder(ViewGroup parent, int viewType) {
        View view= LayoutInflater.from(parent.getContext()).inflate(R.layout.msg_item,parent,false);
        return new ViewHolder(view);
    }

    @Override
    public void onBindViewHolder(MsgAdapter.ViewHolder holder, int position) {
        Msg msg=mMsgList.get(position);
        if(msg.getType()==Msg.TYPE_RECEIVED){
            //如果是收到的消息，则显示左边的消息布局，将右边的消息布局隐藏
            holder.leftLayout.setVisibility(View.VISIBLE);
            holder.rightLayout.setVisibility(View.INVISIBLE);
            holder.leftMsg.setText(msg.getContent());
        }else if(msg.getType()==Msg.TYPE_SEND){
            holder.leftLayout.setVisibility(View.INVISIBLE);
            holder.rightLayout.setVisibility(View.VISIBLE);
            holder.rightMsg.setText(msg.getContent());
        }
    }

    @Override
    public int getItemCount() {
        return mMsgList.size();
    }
}

最后修改MainActivity中的代码，来为RecyclerView初始化一些数据，并给发送按钮加入事件响应，代码如下所示：

public class MainActivity extends AppCompatActivity {
    private List<Msg>msgList=new ArrayList<Msg>();
    private EditText inputText;
    private Button send;
    private RecyclerView msgRecyclerView;
    private MsgAdapter adapter;
    @Override
    protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
        initMsgs();
        inputText=(EditText)findViewById(R.id.input_text);
        send=(Button)findViewById(R.id.send);
        msgRecyclerView=(RecyclerView)findViewById(R.id.msg_recycler_view);
        LinearLayoutManager layoutManager=new LinearLayoutManager(this);
        msgRecyclerView.setLayoutManager(layoutManager);
        adapter=new MsgAdapter(msgList);
        msgRecyclerView.setAdapter(adapter);
        send.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() {
            @Override
            public void onClick(View view) {
                String content=inputText.getText().toString();
                if(!"".equals(content)){
                    Msg msg=new Msg(content,Msg.TYPE_SEND);
                    msgList.add(msg);
                    adapter.notifyItemInserted(msgList.size()-1);//当有新消息时，刷新RecyclerView中的显示
                    msgRecyclerView.scrollToPosition(msgList.size()-1);//将RecyclerView定位到最后一行
                    inputText.setText("");//清空输入框中的内容
                }
            }
        });
    }
    private void initMsgs(){
        Msg msg1=new Msg("Hello guy.",Msg.TYPE_RECEIVED);
        msgList.add(msg1);
        Msg msg2=new Msg("Hello.who is that?",Msg.TYPE_SEND);
        msgList.add(msg2);
        Msg msg3=new Msg("This is Tom.Nice talking to you",Msg.TYPE_RECEIVED);
        msgList.add(msg3);
    }
}