Callable与Runnable的区别记录

实现Callable或Runnable接口，实现他们对应的方法

接口定义

#Callable接口

public interface Callable<V> {
    V call() throws Exception;
}

#Runnable接口

public interface Runnable {
    public abstract void run();
}

 

相同点

都是接口

都可以编写多线程程序

都采用Thread.start()启动线程

不同点

Runnable没有返回值；Callable可以返回执行结果，是个泛型，和Future、FutureTask配合可以用来获取异步执行的结果

Callable接口的call()方法允许抛出异常；Runnable的run()方法异常只能在内部消化，不能往上继续抛

注：Callalble接口支持返回执行结果，需要调用FutureTask.get()得到，此方法会阻塞主进程的继续往下执行，如果不调用不会阻塞

 

自定义调用记录，我需要实现短信的多线程发送还要判断返回值是否成功

多线程实现层

 public ExecutorService executorService = Executors.newCachedThreadPool();

    @Override//当前方法没返回值
    public void sendMessage(String numbers, String content,
                            String signature) {

        new Thread(new SendThread(numbers, content, signature)).start();
    }


    @Override//次方法有返回值
    public String sendMultiMessage(String numbers, String content,
                                   String signature, String sendCode) {

            Future<String> result = executorService.submit(new FutureMessage(numbers, content, signature, sendCode));
            try {
                return result.get();
            } catch (InterruptedException | ExecutionException e) {
                e.printStackTrace();
            }

        return "";
    }

初始话FutureMessage类，FutureMessage类实现了callable

public class FutureMessage implements Callable<String> {
    SendMessage sendMessage;
    String phoneNums;
    String content;
    String signature;
    String sendCode;

    public FutureMessage(String phoneNums, String content, String signature,String sendCode) {
        this.phoneNums = phoneNums;
        this.content = content;
        this.signature = signature;
        this.sendCode = sendCode;
    }

    @Override
    public String call() {
        String[] phoneNum = phoneNums.split(",");
        String smsContent = content;
//        if (content.length() > 140) {
//            smsContent = content.substring(0,140);
//        }
        String sendStatus = "";
        //默认状态是1，发送成功的时候修改状态为0，异常时send值为2
        for (int i = 0; i < phoneNum.length; i++) {
            sendMessage = new SendMessage();
            int send = 1;
            try {
                send = sendMessage.send(phoneNum[i], smsContent,this.sendCode);
            } catch (IOException e) {
                e.printStackTrace();
                send = 2;
            }
            if (sendStatus.equals("")) {
                sendStatus = sendStatus + phoneNum[i] + ":" + send;
            } else {
                sendStatus = sendStatus + "," + phoneNum[i] + ":" + send;
            }
        }
        return sendStatus;
    }

}

至此进入短信发送的方法send

 

第二种SendThread类实现了Runnable没有返回值的线程调用，方法如下

public class SendThread implements Runnable {
    SendMessage sendMessage;
    String phoneNums;
    String content;
    String signature;

    public SendThread(String phoneNums, String content, String signature) {
        this.phoneNums = phoneNums;
        this.content = content;
        this.signature = signature;
    }

    @Override
    public void run() {
        String[] phoneNum = phoneNums.split(",");
        String smsContent = content;
        if (content.length() > 120) {
            smsContent = content.substring(120);
        }

        for (int i = 0; i < phoneNum.length; i++) {
            sendMessage = new SendMessage();
            try {
                sendMessage.send(phoneNum[i], smsContent, "");

            } catch (IOException e) {
                e.printStackTrace();
            } finally {
            }
        }
        //每两次内容发送间间隔10秒，以免短信顺序错误
        try {
            Thread.sleep(1000);
        } catch (InterruptedException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
    }

}