SpringBoot系统搭建集成-011-Mybatis+MySQL读写分离

Lison <cundream@163.com>, v1.0.0, 2019.10.13

SpringBoot系统搭建集成-011-Mybatis+MySQL读写分离

引言

关于MySQL读写主从实现，分两步：MySQL读写分离环境搭建–主从配置

第一步，需要现有主从的环境 可参照

第二步，利用已有的环境进行JavaEE的Web项目配置

读写分离要做的事情就是对于一条SQL该选择哪个数据库去执行，至于谁来做选择数据库这件事儿，无非两个，要么中间件帮我们做，要么程序自己做。因此，一般来讲，读写分离有两种实现方式。第一种是依靠中间件（比如：MyCat），也就是说应用程序连接到中间件，中间件帮我们做SQL分离；第二种是应用程序自己去做分离。这里我们选择程序自己来做，主要是利用Spring提供的路由数据源，以及AOP。

然而，应用程序层面去做读写分离最大的弱点（不足之处）在于无法动态增加数据库节点，因为数据源配置都是写在配置中的，新增数据库意味着新加一个数据源，必然改配置，并重启应用。当然，好处就是相对简单。

配置

pom.xml 配置

  		<dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-aop</artifactId>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-jdbc</artifactId>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.apache.commons</groupId>
            <artifactId>commons-lang3</artifactId>
            <version>${org.apache.commons.version}</version>
        </dependency>

application.yml 配置

spring:
  datasource:
    type: com.alibaba.druid.pool.DruidDataSource
    master:
      jdbc-url: jdbc:mysql://192.168.237.63:3306/springbootbuild?useUnicode=true&characterEncoding=utf-8&serverTimezone=UTC&useSSL=false
      driver-class-name: com.mysql.jdbc.Driver
      username: root
      password: 123456
      minIdle: 5
      maxActive: 100
      initialSize: 10
      maxWait: 60000
      timeBetweenEvictionRunsMillis: 60000
      minEvictableIdleTimeMillis: 300000
      validationQuery: select 'x'
      testWhileIdle: true
      testOnBorrow: false
      testOnReturn: false
      poolPreparedStatements: true
      maxPoolPreparedStatementPerConnectionSize: 50
      removeAbandoned: true
      filters: stat
    slave1:
      jdbc-url: jdbc:mysql://192.168.237.63:3307/springbootbuild?useUnicode=true&characterEncoding=utf-8&serverTimezone=UTC&useSSL=false
      driver-class-name: com.mysql.jdbc.Driver
      username: root
      password: 123456
      minIdle: 5
      maxActive: 100
      initialSize: 10
      maxWait: 60000
      timeBetweenEvictionRunsMillis: 60000
      minEvictableIdleTimeMillis: 300000
      validationQuery: select 'x'
      testWhileIdle: true
      testOnBorrow: false
      testOnReturn: false
      poolPreparedStatements: true
      maxPoolPreparedStatementPerConnectionSize: 50
      removeAbandoned: true
      filters: stat
    slave2:
      jdbc-url: jdbc:mysql://192.168.237.63:3307/springbootbuild?useUnicode=true&characterEncoding=utf-8&serverTimezone=UTC&useSSL=false
      driver-class-name: com.mysql.jdbc.Driver
      username: root
      password: 123456
      minIdle: 5
      maxActive: 100
      initialSize: 10
      maxWait: 60000
      timeBetweenEvictionRunsMillis: 60000
      minEvictableIdleTimeMillis: 300000
      validationQuery: select 'x'
      testWhileIdle: true
      testOnBorrow: false
      testOnReturn: false
      poolPreparedStatements: true
      maxPoolPreparedStatementPerConnectionSize: 50
      removeAbandoned: true
      filters: stat

多数据源配置

首先，我们定义一个枚举来代表这三个数据源

public enum DBTypeEnum {
    MASTER,SLAVE1,SLAVE2
}

接下来，通过ThreadLocal将数据源设置到每个线程上下文中

public class DBContextHolder {
    private static final ThreadLocal<DBTypeEnum> contextHolder = new ThreadLocal<>();

    private static final AtomicInteger counter = new AtomicInteger(-1);

    public static void set(DBTypeEnum dbType) {
        contextHolder.set(dbType);
    }

    public static DBTypeEnum get() {
        return contextHolder.get();
    }

    public static void master() {
        set(DBTypeEnum.MASTER);
        System.out.println("切换到master");
    }

    public static void slave() {
        //  轮询
        int index = counter.getAndIncrement() % 2;
        if (counter.get() > 9999) {
            counter.set(-1);
        }
        if (index == 0) {
            set(DBTypeEnum.SLAVE1);
            System.out.println("切换到slave1");
        }else {
            set(DBTypeEnum.SLAVE2);
            System.out.println("切换到slave2");
        }
    }
}

获取路由key

public class RoutingDataSource extends AbstractRoutingDataSource {
    @Nullable
    @Override
    protected Object determineCurrentLookupKey() {
        return DBContextHolder.get();
    }
}

MyBatis配置

@EnableTransactionManagement
@Configuration
public class MyBatisConfig {

    @Resource(name = "routingDataSource")
    private DataSource routingDataSource;

    @Bean
    public SqlSessionFactory sqlSessionFactory() throws Exception {
        SqlSessionFactoryBean sqlSessionFactoryBean = new SqlSessionFactoryBean();
        sqlSessionFactoryBean.setDataSource(routingDataSource);
        sqlSessionFactoryBean.setMapperLocations(new PathMatchingResourcePatternResolver().getResources("mybatis/mapper/*.xml"));
        return sqlSessionFactoryBean.getObject();
    }

    @Bean
    public PlatformTransactionManager platformTransactionManager() {
        return new DataSourceTransactionManager(routingDataSource);
    }
}

设置路由key

默认情况下，所有的查询都走从库，插入/修改/删除走主库。我们通过方法名来区分操作类型（CRUD）

@Aspect
@Component
public class DataSourceAop {
    @Pointcut("!@annotation(com.github.cundream.springbootbuilding.common.annotation.Master) " +
            "&& (execution(* com.github.cundream.springbootbuilding.service..*.select*(..)) " +
            "|| execution(* com.github.cundream.springbootbuilding.service..*.get*(..)))")
    public void readPointcut() {

    }

    @Pointcut("@annotation(com.github.cundream.springbootbuilding.common.annotation.Master) " +
            "|| execution(* com.github.cundream.springbootbuilding.service..*.insert*(..)) " +
            "|| execution(* com.github.cundream.springbootbuilding.service..*.add*(..)) " +
            "|| execution(* com.github.cundream.springbootbuilding.service..*.update*(..)) " +
            "|| execution(* com.github.cundream.springbootbuilding.service..*.edit*(..)) " +
            "|| execution(* com.github.cundream.springbootbuilding.service..*.delete*(..)) " +
            "|| execution(* com.github.cundream.springbootbuilding.service..*.remove*(..))")
    public void writePointcut() {

    }

    @Before("readPointcut()")
    public void read() {
        DBContextHolder.slave();
    }

    @Before("writePointcut()")
    public void write() {
        DBContextHolder.master();
    }
}

有一般情况就有特殊情况，特殊情况是某些情况下我们需要强制读主库，针对这种情况，我们定义一个主键，用该注解标注的就读主库

public @interface Master {
}

测试

 @PutMapping("/addUserInfo")
    public String addUserInfo(){
        userService.addUserInfo();
        return "";
    }

   @Override
    public void addUserInfo() {
        User user = new User();
        user.setId(3);
        user.setPassWord("123456");
        user.setRealName("测试名字");
        user.setUserName("用户名");
        userMapper.addUserInfo(user);

    }

执行查询和添加接口

结果如下

项目中已整合mybatis和jpa组合使用 ，并实现了它们各自的读写分离

项目GitHub地址