在
Spring Cloud 中，
使用分布式事务需要结合多个组件一起
使用，包括 Spring Boot、
Spring Cloud、分布式事务管理器（例如：Atomikos、Bitronix、Narayana 等）和数据库（例如：MySQL、PostgreSQL 等）。
下面是一个
使用 Spring Cloud 和 Atomikos 实现分布式事务的示例代码：
1. 添加依赖
```xml
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-atomikos</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-netflix-eureka-client</artifactId>
</dependency>
```
2. 配置数据源和事务管理器
```yaml
spring:
jta:
atomikos:
transaction-manager-id: tm
log-dir: /var/log/atomikos
max-actives: 50
max-idle: 5
min-idle: 1
max-pool-size: 50
min-pool-size: 5
allow-employee-recovery: true
default-timeout: 60
resource:
xaDataSourceClassName: com.mysql.cj.jdbc.MysqlXADataSource
uniqueResourceName: main
xaProperties:
user: root
password: root
url: jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/test?useUnicode=true&characterEncoding=utf-8&useSSL=false
eureka:
client:
service-url:
defaultZone: http://localhost:8761/eureka/
```
3. 配置
JPA 和事务管理器
```java
@Configuration
@Enable
JpaRepositories(basePackages = "com.example.demo.repository")
@EnableTransactionManagement
public class
JpaConfig {
@Bean
public JtaTransactionManager jtaTransactionManager() {
return new JtaTransactionManager(atomikosTransactionManager());
}
@Bean(initMethod = "init", destroyMethod = "close")
public UserTransactionManager atomikosTransactionManager() {
UserTransactionManager atomikosTransactionManager = new UserTransactionManager();
atomikosTransactionManager.setForceShutdown(false);
return atomikosTransactionManager;
}
@Bean
public UserTransaction atomikosUserTransaction() throws SystemException {
return new UserTransactionImp();
}
@Bean
public Properties
jpaProperties() {
Properties properties = new Properties();
properties.setProperty("hibernate.transaction.jta.platform", AtomikosJtaPlatform.class.getName());
properties.setProperty("hibernate.hbm2ddl.auto", "update");
properties.setProperty("hibernate.dialect", "org.hibernate.dialect.MySQL5InnoDBDialect");
properties.setProperty("hibernate.show_sql", "true");
properties.setProperty("hibernate.format_sql", "true");
return properties;
}
@Bean
public LocalContainerEntityManagerFactoryBean entityManagerFactory(DataSource dataSource,
JpaVendorAdapter
jpaVendorAdapter, Properties
jpaProperties) {
LocalContainerEntityManagerFactoryBean em = new LocalContainerEntityManagerFactoryBean();
em.setDataSource(dataSource);
em.set
JpaVendorAdapter(
jpaVendorAdapter);
em.set
JpaProperties(
jpaProperties);
em.setPackagesToScan("com.example.demo.entity");
return em;
}
@Bean
public PlatformTransactionManager transactionManager(EntityManagerFactory entityManagerFactory) {
JpaTransactionManager transactionManager = new
JpaTransactionManager();
transactionManager.setEntityManagerFactory(entityManagerFactory);
return transactionManager;
}
@Bean
public
JpaVendorAdapter
jpaVendorAdapter() {
Hibernate
JpaVendorAdapter adapter = new Hibernate
JpaVendorAdapter();
adapter.setDatabase(Database.MYSQL);
adapter.setShowSql(true);
adapter.setGenerateDdl(false);
adapter.setDatabasePlatform("org.hibernate.dialect.MySQL5InnoDBDialect");
return adapter;
}
}
```
4. 定义业务服务
```java
@Service
public class UserService {
@Autowired
private UserRepository userRepository;
@Transactional
public void saveUser(User user) {
userRepository.save(user);
}
}
```
5. 定义控制器
```java
@RestController
public class UserController {
@Autowired
private UserService userService;
@PostMapping("/user")
public void saveUser(@RequestBody User user) {
userService.saveUser(user);
}
}
```
以上就是一个基于
Spring Cloud 和 Atomikos 实现分布式事务的示例代码。需要注意的是，分布式事务的实现需要结合具体的技术栈和业务场景来综合考虑。
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