JavaWeb---------Filter

一. Filter介绍

Filter主要是对一些WEB资源的拦截，如常用的路径拦截，也可对servlet，jsp等资源拦截，但是用得比较少。

执行流程：浏览器->Web服务器->Filter->Web资源

二.Filter生命周期

当服务器启动的时候会执行一次Filter的创建，然后执行一次Filter的初始化，注意，Filter只执行一次创建和一次初始化，当访问到Filter的时候，会执行doFilter方法，当服务器关闭时执行一次destory方法。

三.Filter用法

1.实现Filter

import java.io.IOException;
import javax.servlet.FilterChain;
import javax.servlet.FilterConfig;
import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.ServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.ServletResponse;
import javax.servlet.annotation.WebFilter;

public class Filter implements javax.servlet.Filter {

    public Filter() {
    	System.out.println("--------构造方法");
    }

    public void destroy() {
		System.out.println("---------销毁");
	}

    public void doFilter(ServletRequest request, ServletResponse response, FilterChain chain) throws IOException, ServletException {
		System.out.println("---------doFilter");
		System.out.println("执行doFilter前");
		chain.doFilter(request, response);
		System.out.println("执行doFilter后");
	
    }
	
   public void init(FilterConfig fConfig) throws ServletException {
		System.out.println("---------init");
   }

}

2.新建Servlet类

import java.io.IOException;

import javax.servlet.GenericServlet;
import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.ServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.ServletResponse;


public class FilterServlet extends GenericServlet {

	@Override
	public void service(ServletRequest arg0, ServletResponse arg1)
			throws ServletException, IOException {
		System.out.println("执行服务");
		
	}

}

3.web.xml中配置

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<web-app xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee" xmlns:web="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_2_5.xsd" xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_3_0.xsd" id="WebApp_ID" version="3.0">
  <display-name>WebFilter</display-name>
  <welcome-file-list>
    <welcome-file>index.html</welcome-file>
    <welcome-file>index.htm</welcome-file>
    <welcome-file>index.jsp</welcome-file>
    <welcome-file>default.html</welcome-file>
    <welcome-file>default.htm</welcome-file>
    <welcome-file>default.jsp</welcome-file>
  </welcome-file-list>
  <filter>
  	<filter-name>myFilter1</filter-name>
  	<filter-class>Filter</filter-class>
  </filter>
  <filter-mapping>
  	<filter-name>myFilter1</filter-name>
  	<url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>
  </filter-mapping>
  <servlet>
  	<servlet-name>myServlet</servlet-name>
  	<servlet-class>FilterServlet</servlet-class>
  </servlet>
  <servlet-mapping>
  	<servlet-name>myServlet</servlet-name>
  	<url-pattern>/servlet.do</url-pattern>
  </servlet-mapping>
</web-app>

通过上面的访问路径先执行Filter再执行Servlet，执行结果：

---------doFilter
执行doFilter前
执行doFilter后

注意：当doFilter方法中不执行

chain.doFilter(request, response);

方法时，将不会执行Servlet中service方法。