HDU 1025 A - Constructing Roads In JGShining's Kingdom（最长上升子序列）

A - Constructing Roads In JGShining's Kingdom

Time Limit:1000MS     Memory Limit:32768KB     64bit IO Format:%I64d & %I64u

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Description

JGShining's kingdom consists of 2n(n is no more than 500,000) small cities which are located in two parallel lines. 

Half of these cities are rich in resource (we call them rich cities) while the others are short of resource (we call them poor cities). Each poor city is short of exactly one kind of resource and also each rich city is rich in exactly one kind of resource. You may assume no two poor cities are short of one same kind of resource and no two rich cities are rich in one same kind of resource. 

With the development of industry, poor cities wanna import resource from rich ones. The roads existed are so small that they're unable to ensure the heavy trucks, so new roads should be built. The poor cities strongly BS each other, so are the rich ones. Poor cities don't wanna build a road with other poor ones, and rich ones also can't abide sharing an end of road with other rich ones. Because of economic benefit, any rich city will be willing to export resource to any poor one. 

Rich citis marked from 1 to n are located in Line I and poor ones marked from 1 to n are located in Line II. 

The location of Rich City 1 is on the left of all other cities, Rich City 2 is on the left of all other cities excluding Rich City 1, Rich City 3 is on the right of Rich City 1 and Rich City 2 but on the left of all other cities ... And so as the poor ones. 

But as you know, two crossed roads may cause a lot of traffic accident so JGShining has established a law to forbid constructing crossed roads. 

For example, the roads in Figure I are forbidden. 



In order to build as many roads as possible, the young and handsome king of the kingdom - JGShining needs your help, please help him. ^_^ 

Input

Each test case will begin with a line containing an integer n(1 ≤ n ≤ 500,000). Then n lines follow. Each line contains two integers p and r which represents that Poor City p needs to import resources from Rich City r. Process to the end of file. 

Output

For each test case, output the result in the form of sample. 
You should tell JGShining what's the maximal number of road(s) can be built. 

Sample Input

2
1 2
2 1
3
1 2
2 3
3 1

Sample Output

Case 1:
My king, at most 1 road can be built.

Case 2:
My king, at most 2 roads can be built.

dp[i]表示以ai为末尾的最长上升子序列的长度，而以ai结尾的最长上升子序列有两种：1.只包含ai的子序列;  2.在满足j<i且aj<ai的以aj为结尾的上升子序列末尾，追加上ai得到的子序列。

思路：穷人路是按顺序给的，故求富人路的最长上升子序列即可。由于数据范围太大，应该用O(nlogn)的算法求LIS。

代码：

#include<stdio.h>
#include<string.h>
#include<algorithm>
using namespace std;
#define INF 0x3f3f3f
int a[500010];
int dp[500010];//dp[i]表示以a[i]结尾的序列的长度； 
int g[500010];//g[i]表示长度为i的LIS的末尾元素； 
int main()
{
	int n;
	int mm=1;
	while(scanf("%d",&n)!=EOF)
	{
		for(int i=1;i<=n;i++)
		{
			int c,b;
			scanf("%d%d",&c,&b);
			a[c]=b;
			g[i]=INF;
		}
		int ans=0;
		for(int i=1;i<=n;i++)
		{
			int k=lower_bound(g+1,g+n+1,a[i])-g;//从存储序列的末尾元素中找出第一个大于或等于a[i]的 
			dp[i]=k;
			g[k]=min(g[k],a[i]);//末尾元素每次都取最小的，保证序列尽可能长； 
			ans=max(dp[i],ans);//找出序列长度的最大值就是最长序列； 
		}
		printf("Case %d:\n",mm++);
		if(ans==1)
		printf("My king, at most %d road can be built.\n",ans);
		else
		printf("My king, at most %d roads can be built.\n",ans);//road千万别忘了加s; 
		printf("\n");
	}
	return 0;
}