Spring中Configurartion和Component的区别

@Configuration和@Component的区别

@Configuration
public class MyTestConfig {

    @Bean
    public Driver driver(){
        Driver driver = new Driver();
        driver.setId(1);
        driver.setName("driver");
        driver.setCar(car());
        return driver;
    }

    @Bean
    public Car car(){
        Car car = new Car();
        car.setId(1);
        car.setName("car");
        return car;
    }
}

测试代码如下

@RunWith(SpringRunner.class)
@SpringBootTest
public class TestApplicationTests {

    @Autowired
    private Car car;

    @Autowired
    private Driver driver;

    @Test
    public void contextLoads() {
        boolean result = driver.getCar() == car;
        System.out.println(result ? "同一个car" : "不同的car");
    }

}

打印结果如下：
同一个car

从上面的结果可以发现使用Configuration时在driver和spring容器之中的是同一个对象，而使用Component时是不同的对象。
造成不同结果的原因在ConfigurationClassPostProcessor类之中，通过调用enhanceConfigurationClasses方法，为被注解@Configuration的类进行CGLIB代理，代码如下：

public void enhanceConfigurationClasses(ConfigurableListableBeanFactory beanFactory) {
        Map<String, AbstractBeanDefinition> configBeanDefs = new LinkedHashMap<String, AbstractBeanDefinition>();
        for (String beanName : beanFactory.getBeanDefinitionNames()) {
            BeanDefinition beanDef = beanFactory.getBeanDefinition(beanName);
            if (ConfigurationClassUtils.isFullConfigurationClass(beanDef)) {//判断是否被@Configuration标注
                if (!(beanDef instanceof AbstractBeanDefinition)) {
                    throw new BeanDefinitionStoreException("Cannot enhance @Configuration bean definition '" +
                            beanName + "' since it is not stored in an AbstractBeanDefinition subclass");
                }
                else if (logger.isWarnEnabled() && beanFactory.containsSingleton(beanName)) {
                    logger.warn("Cannot enhance @Configuration bean definition '" + beanName +
                            "' since its singleton instance has been created too early. The typical cause " +
                            "is a non-static @Bean method with a BeanDefinitionRegistryPostProcessor " +
                            "return type: Consider declaring such methods as 'static'.");
                }
                configBeanDefs.put(beanName, (AbstractBeanDefinition) beanDef);
            }
        }
        if (configBeanDefs.isEmpty()) {
            // nothing to enhance -> return immediately
            return;
        }
        ConfigurationClassEnhancer enhancer = new ConfigurationClassEnhancer();
        for (Map.Entry<String, AbstractBeanDefinition> entry : configBeanDefs.entrySet()) {
            AbstractBeanDefinition beanDef = entry.getValue();
            // If a @Configuration class gets proxied, always proxy the target class
            beanDef.setAttribute(AutoProxyUtils.PRESERVE_TARGET_CLASS_ATTRIBUTE, Boolean.TRUE);
            try {
                // Set enhanced subclass of the user-specified bean class
                Class<?> configClass = beanDef.resolveBeanClass(this.beanClassLoader);
                Class<?> enhancedClass = enhancer.enhance(configClass, this.beanClassLoader);//生成代理的class
                if (configClass != enhancedClass) {
                    if (logger.isDebugEnabled()) {
                        logger.debug(String.format("Replacing bean definition '%s' existing class '%s' with " +
                                "enhanced class '%s'", entry.getKey(), configClass.getName(), enhancedClass.getName()));
                    }
                    //替换class，将原来的替换为CGLIB代理的class
                    beanDef.setBeanClass(enhancedClass);
                }
            }
            catch (Throwable ex) {
                throw new IllegalStateException("Cannot load configuration class: " + beanDef.getBeanClassName(), ex);
            }
        }
    }

从上面可以看到，虽然Component注解也会当做配置类，但是并不会为其生成CGLIB代理Class，所以在生成Driver对象时和生成Car对象时调用car()方法执行了两次new操作，所以是不同的对象。当时Configuration注解时，生成当前对象的子类Class，并对方法拦截，第二次调用car()方法时直接从BeanFactory之中获取对象，所以得到的是同一个对象