LeetCode——704二分查找

问题描述：

给定一个 n 个元素有序的（升序）整型数组 nums 和一个目标值 target  ，写一个函数搜索 nums 中的 target，如果目标值存在返回下标，否则返回 -1。

示例 1:

输入: nums = [-1,0,3,5,9,12], target = 9
输出: 4
解释: 9 出现在 nums 中并且下标为 4

示例 2:

输入: nums = [-1,0,3,5,9,12], target = 2
输出: -1
解释: 2 不存在 nums 中因此返回 -1

提示：

你可以假设 nums 中的所有元素是不重复的。
n 将在 [1, 10000]之间。
nums 的每个元素都将在 [-9999, 9999]之间。

来源：力扣（LeetCode）
链接：https://leetcode-cn.com/problems/binary-search
著作权归领扣网络所有。商业转载请联系官方授权，非商业转载请注明出处。

执行结果：

代码描述：

class Solution {
public:
    int search(vector<int>& nums, int target) {
        int low = 0;
        int high = nums.size() - 1;        // 此处注意 -1，否则越界
        int mid = 0;
        while(low <= high)
        {
            mid = low + (high - low)/2;
            if(nums[mid] == target)
            {
                return mid;
            }
            else if(nums[mid] < target)
            {
                low = mid + 1;
            }
            else
            {
                high = mid - 1;
            }
        }
        return -1;
    }
};

问题描述：

报 ---27---- 错误，是因为内存越界，特别会出错的就是，有一个数组，10个数，然后访问arr[10]；

=================================================================
==27==ERROR: AddressSanitizer: heap-buffer-overflow on address 0x603000000298 at pc 0x000000405c9b bp 0x7fffc4f18e30 sp 0x7fffc4f18e28
READ of size 4 at 0x603000000298 thread T0
    #1 0x7f9fb390c2e0 in __libc_start_main (/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libc.so.6+0x202e0)

0x603000000298 is located 0 bytes to the right of 24-byte region [0x603000000280,0x603000000298)
allocated by thread T0 here:
    #0 0x7f9fb5331ce0 in operator new(unsigned long) (/usr/local/lib64/libasan.so.5+0xe9ce0)
    #3 0x7f9fb390c2e0 in __libc_start_main (/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libc.so.6+0x202e0)

Shadow bytes around the buggy address:
  0x0c067fff8000: fa fa fd fd fd fa fa fa fd fd fd fa fa fa fd fd
  0x0c067fff8010: fd fa fa fa fd fd fd fa fa fa fd fd fd fa fa fa
  0x0c067fff8020: fd fd fd fa fa fa fd fd fd fa fa fa fd fd fd fa
  0x0c067fff8030: fa fa fd fd fd fa fa fa fd fd fd fa fa fa fd fd
  0x0c067fff8040: fd fa fa fa fd fd fd fa fa fa fd fd fd fa fa fa
=>0x0c067fff8050: 00 00 00[fa]fa fa fa fa fa fa fa fa fa fa fa fa
  0x0c067fff8060: fa fa fa fa fa fa fa fa fa fa fa fa fa fa fa fa
  0x0c067fff8070: fa fa fa fa fa fa fa fa fa fa fa fa fa fa fa fa
  0x0c067fff8080: fa fa fa fa fa fa fa fa fa fa fa fa fa fa fa fa
  0x0c067fff8090: fa fa fa fa fa fa fa fa fa fa fa fa fa fa fa fa
  0x0c067fff80a0: fa fa fa fa fa fa fa fa fa fa fa fa fa fa fa fa
Shadow byte legend (one shadow byte represents 8 application bytes):
  Addressable:           00
  Partially addressable: 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 
  Heap left redzone:       fa
  Freed heap region:       fd
  Stack left redzone:      f1
  Stack mid redzone:       f2
  Stack right redzone:     f3
  Stack after return:      f5
  Stack use after scope:   f8
  Global redzone:          f9
  Global init order:       f6
  Poisoned by user:        f7
  Container overflow:      fc
  Array cookie:            ac
  Intra object redzone:    bb
  ASan internal:           fe
  Left alloca redzone:     ca
  Right alloca redzone:    cb
==27==ABORTING