本文详述了Nacos启动初期遇到的db.numisnull报错，涉及数据库配置、异常原因分析，以及如何通过设置外部数据库和执行SQL脚本来解决。特别介绍了针对MySQL 5.x和8.x版本的差异处理方法，包括使用standalone模式启动和配置步骤。
在我初始下载安装之后直接启动的时候报错：
java.io.IOException: java.lang.IllegalArgumentException: db.num is null
at com.alibaba.nacos.config.server.service.datasource.ExternalDataSourceServiceImpl.reload(ExternalDataSourceServiceImpl.java:141)
at com.alibaba.nacos.config.server.service.datasource.ExternalDataSourceServiceImpl.init(ExternalDataSourceServiceImpl.java:115)
at com.alibaba.nacos.config.server.service.datasource.DynamicDataSource.getDataSource(DynamicDataSource.java:53)
at com.alibaba.nacos.config.server.service.repository.extrnal.ExternalStoragePersistServiceImpl.init(ExternalStoragePersistServiceImpl.java:138)
at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method)
at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(NativeMethodAccessorImpl.java:62)
at sun.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.java:43)
at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:498)
at org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.InitDestroyAnnotationBeanPostProcessor
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LifecycleElement.invoke(InitDestroyAnnotationBeanPostProcessor.java:363) at org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.InitDestroyAnnotationBeanPostProcessor
LifecycleElement.invoke(InitDestroyAnnotationBeanPostProcessor.java:363)atorg.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.InitDestroyAnnotationBeanPostProcessorLifecycleMetadata.invokeInitMethods(InitDestroyAnnotationBeanPostProcessor.java:307)
at org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.InitDestroyAnnotationBeanPostProcessor.postProcessBeforeInitialization(InitDestroyAnnotationBeanPostProcessor.java:136)
at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.applyBeanPostProcessorsBeforeInitialization(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:413)
at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.initializeBean(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:1761)
at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.doCreateBean(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:592)
at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.createBean(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:514)
at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanFactory.lambda$doGetBean
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0(AbstractBeanFactory.java:321) at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.DefaultSingletonBeanRegistry.getSingleton(DefaultSingletonBeanRegistry.java:234) at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanFactory.doGetBean(AbstractBeanFactory.java:319) at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanFactory.getBean(AbstractBeanFactory.java:199) at org.springframework.beans.factory.config.DependencyDescriptor.resolveCandidate(DependencyDescriptor.java:277) at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.DefaultListableBeanFactory.doResolveDependency(DefaultListableBeanFactory.java:1276) at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.DefaultListableBeanFactory.resolveDependency(DefaultListableBeanFactory.java:1196) at org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.AutowiredAnnotationBeanPostProcessor
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at org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.InjectionMetadata.inject(InjectionMetadata.java:90)
at org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.AutowiredAnnotationBeanPostProcessor.postProcessProperties(AutowiredAnnotationBeanPostProcessor.java:376)
at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.populateBean(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:1402)
at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.doCreateBean(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:591)
at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.createBean(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:514)
at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanFactory.lambda$doGetBean
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0(AbstractBeanFactory.java:321) at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.DefaultSingletonBeanRegistry.getSingleton(DefaultSingletonBeanRegistry.java:234) at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanFactory.doGetBean(AbstractBeanFactory.java:319) at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanFactory.getBean(AbstractBeanFactory.java:199) at org.springframework.beans.factory.config.DependencyDescriptor.resolveCandidate(DependencyDescriptor.java:277) at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.DefaultListableBeanFactory.doResolveDependency(DefaultListableBeanFactory.java:1276) at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.DefaultListableBeanFactory.resolveDependency(DefaultListableBeanFactory.java:1196) at org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.AutowiredAnnotationBeanPostProcessor
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at org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.InjectionMetadata.inject(InjectionMetadata.java:90)
at org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.AutowiredAnnotationBeanPostProcessor.postProcessProperties(AutowiredAnnotationBeanPostProcessor.java:376)
at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.populateBean(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:1402)
at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.doCreateBean(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:591)
at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.createBean(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:514)
at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanFactory.lambda$doGetBean
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0(AbstractBeanFactory.java:321) at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.DefaultSingletonBeanRegistry.getSingleton(DefaultSingletonBeanRegistry.java:234) at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanFactory.doGetBean(AbstractBeanFactory.java:319) at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanFactory.getBean(AbstractBeanFactory.java:199) at org.springframework.beans.factory.config.DependencyDescriptor.resolveCandidate(DependencyDescriptor.java:277) at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.DefaultListableBeanFactory.doResolveDependency(DefaultListableBeanFactory.java:1276) at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.DefaultListableBeanFactory.resolveDependency(DefaultListableBeanFactory.java:1196) at org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.AutowiredAnnotationBeanPostProcessor
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at org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.InjectionMetadata.inject(InjectionMetadata.java:90)
at org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.AutowiredAnnotationBeanPostProcessor.postProcessProperties(AutowiredAnnotationBeanPostProcessor.java:376)
at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.populateBean(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:1402)
at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.doCreateBean(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:591)
at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.createBean(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:514)
at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanFactory.lambda$doGetBean
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0(AbstractBeanFactory.java:321) at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.DefaultSingletonBeanRegistry.getSingleton(DefaultSingletonBeanRegistry.java:234) at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanFactory.doGetBean(AbstractBeanFactory.java:319) at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanFactory.getBean(AbstractBeanFactory.java:199) at org.springframework.beans.factory.config.DependencyDescriptor.resolveCandidate(DependencyDescriptor.java:277) at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.DefaultListableBeanFactory.doResolveDependency(DefaultListableBeanFactory.java:1276) at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.DefaultListableBeanFactory.resolveDependency(DefaultListableBeanFactory.java:1196) at org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.AutowiredAnnotationBeanPostProcessor
0(AbstractBeanFactory.java:321)atorg.springframework.beans.factory.support.DefaultSingletonBeanRegistry.getSingleton(DefaultSingletonBeanRegistry.java:234)atorg.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanFactory.doGetBean(AbstractBeanFactory.java:319)atorg.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanFactory.getBean(AbstractBeanFactory.java:199)atorg.springframework.beans.factory.config.DependencyDescriptor.resolveCandidate(DependencyDescriptor.java:277)atorg.springframework.beans.factory.support.DefaultListableBeanFactory.doResolveDependency(DefaultListableBeanFactory.java:1276)atorg.springframework.beans.factory.support.DefaultListableBeanFactory.resolveDependency(DefaultListableBeanFactory.java:1196)atorg.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.AutowiredAnnotationBeanPostProcessorAutowiredFieldElement.inject(AutowiredAnnotationBeanPostProcessor.java:595)
at org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.InjectionMetadata.inject(InjectionMetadata.java:90)
at org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.AutowiredAnnotationBeanPostProcessor.postProcessProperties(AutowiredAnnotationBeanPostProcessor.java:376)
at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.populateBean(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:1402)
at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.Abs
解决办法：需要配置数据库，配置后重新启动但是还是一直报错报错？：org.springframework.context.ApplicationContextException: Unable to start web server; nested exception is org.springframework.boot.web.server.WebServerException: Unable to start embedded Tomcat
at org.springframework.boot.web.servlet.context.ServletWebServerApplicationContext.onRefresh(ServletWebServerApplicationContext.java:156)
at org.springframework.context.support.AbstractApplicationContext.refresh(AbstractApplicationContext.java:544)
at org.springframework.boot.web.servlet.context.ServletWebServerApplicationContext.refresh(ServletWebServerApplicationContext.java:141)
at org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication.refresh(SpringApplication.java:744)
at org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication.refreshContext(SpringApplication.java:391)
at org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication.run(SpringApplication.java:312)
at org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication.run(SpringApplication.java:1215)
at org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication.run(SpringApplication.java:1204)
at com.alibaba.nacos.Nacos.main(Nacos.java:35)
at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method)
at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(NativeMethodAccessorImpl.java:62)
at sun.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.java:43)
at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:498)
at org.springframework.boot.loader.MainMethodRunner.run(MainMethodRunner.java:49)
at org.springframework.boot.loader.Launcher.launch(Launcher.java:107)
at org.springframework.boot.loader.Launcher.launch(Launcher.java:58)
at org.springframework.boot.loader.PropertiesLauncher.main(PropertiesLauncher.java:467)
Caused by: org.springframework.boot.web.server.WebServerException: Unable to start embedded Tomcat
at org.springframework.boot.web.embedded.tomcat.TomcatWebServer.initialize(TomcatWebServer.java:124)
at org.springframework.boot.web.embedded.tomcat.TomcatWebServer.(TomcatWebServer.java:86)
at org.springframework.boot.web.embedded.tomcat.TomcatServletWebServerFactory.getTomcatWebServer(TomcatServletWebServerFactory.java:416)
解决办法：使用命令：startup.cmd -m standalone 启动
- 下载：https://github.com.cnpmjs.org/alibaba/nacos/releases/download/1.4.0/nacos-server-1.4.0.zip
- 下载解压后在conf的配置目录下打开文件：application.properties，进行配置数据库
3、自己在本地建立一个数据库名称为：nacos
4、允许sql文件：在配置目录下分表有两个配置文件nacos-mysql.sql 、schema.sql ，在Navicat中执行这两个sql文件
5、在安装的bin目录下打开cmd命令执行：startup.cmd -m standalone
6、访问：http://localhost:8848/nacos ，如果能打开如下图 则证明启动成功
7、配置连接mysql数据库
注意：如果你的mysql是5点几开头的版本是可以正确连接的，如果你是8.0的版本那么连接会直接报错，连不上数据库
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