简单的web服务器实现

HTTP请求:

一个HTTP请求包含以下三个部分:

请求方法——统一资源定位符（URI）——协议/版本

请求头

实体

请求方法如第一个红方框所示下：

请求头内容如上第二个方框内所示；

请求内容包含有请求参数l上图没有表示出来，简单示例如：lastname = zhang&fristname=san；

它与请求头之间有一个空行，该空行只有CRLF符；

HTTP响应：

与HTTP请求类似也分为三个部分：

协议——状态码——描述

响应头

响应实体段

同样响应实体段与响应头之间也有一个CRLF符空行。响应实体正文是一段html代码段。

了解了这些，就可以用套接字（socket）实现一个简单的web服务器。

首先是服务端代码实现：

public class HttpServer {
	 public static final String WEB_ROOT = System.getProperty("user.dir")+File.separator + "webroot";
	  private static final String SHUTDOWN_COMMAND = "/SHUTDOWN";
	  private boolean shutdown = false;
	public static void main(String[] args) {
		HttpServer server = new HttpServer();
		server.awiat();
	}
 
  public void awiat(){
	  try {
		ServerSocket serverSocket = new ServerSocket(8080,1,InetAddress.getByName("127.0.0.1"));
		while(!shutdown){
			Socket socket = serverSocket.accept();
			InputStream inputStream = socket.getInputStream();
			OutputStream outputStream = socket.getOutputStream();
			Request request = new Request(inputStream);
			request.parse();
			Response response = new Response(outputStream);
			response.setRequest(request);
			response.sendStaticResource();
			socket.close();
			shutdown = request.getUri().equals(SHUTDOWN_COMMAND);
		}
		
	} catch (Exception e) {
		// TODO Auto-generated catch block
		e.printStackTrace();
	}
  }

请求实体类:

public class Request {
	private InputStream inputStream;
	private String uri;

	public Request(InputStream inputStream) {
		this.inputStream = inputStream;
	}

	public void parse() {
		try {
			StringBuffer request = new StringBuffer(2048);
			int i;
			byte[] buffer = new byte[2048];
			i = inputStream.read(buffer);

			for (int j = 0; j < i; j++) {
				request.append((char) buffer[j]);
			}
			System.out.println(request.toString());
			uri = parseUri(request.toString());
		} catch (Exception e) {
			// TODO Auto-generated catch block
			e.printStackTrace();
		}
	}

	private String parseUri(String requestString) {
		int index1, index2;
		index1 = requestString.indexOf(" ");
		if (index1 != -1) {
			index2 = requestString.indexOf(" ", index1 + 1);
			if (index2 > index1) {
				return requestString.substring(index1 + 1, index2);
			}
		}

		return null;
	}

	public String getUri() {
		return uri;
	}

响应类response：

public class Response {
	private static final int  BUFFER_SIZE= 1024;
	Request request;
	OutputStream outputStream;

	public Response(OutputStream outputStream) {
		this.outputStream = outputStream;
	}

	public void setRequest(Request request) {
		this.request = request;
	}
	
	public void sendStaticResource() throws Exception{
		byte[] bytes = new byte[BUFFER_SIZE];
		FileInputStream fileInputStream = null;
		File file = new File(HttpServer.WEB_ROOT,request.getUri());
		if(file != null && file.exists()){
			fileInputStream = new FileInputStream(file);
			int ch = fileInputStream.read(bytes, 0, BUFFER_SIZE);
			while(ch != -1){
				outputStream.write(bytes, 0, ch);
				ch = fileInputStream.read(bytes, 0, BUFFER_SIZE);
			}
		}else{
			String errorMessage = "HTTP/1.1 404 FILE NOT FOUND \r\n"+
		   "Content-Type: text/html\r\n"+
		   "Content-Length: 23\r\n"+"\r\n"+"<h1>File Not Found</h1>";
			outputStream.write(errorMessage.getBytes());
		}
		if(fileInputStream !=null){
			fileInputStream.close();
			fileInputStream = null;
		}
		
	}

}

测试：

        启动Httpserver类，打开浏览器，输入127.0.0.1:8080 即可。虽然上述三个类很简单功能不完整，仅供了解web服务器是如何工作的。

        github地址：https://github.com/Mrfirewind/simpelWebServer.git

       参考书籍：深入剖析TOMCAT