相对于广搜,深搜采用的过程偏向面向过程,用“特征串”去区别两种情况是否相同,(同一种搜索)在效率比面向对象要快点。
话不多说直接上代码(3个类):
/**
* 倒油---倒油问题解决的过程
* @author 宋进宇
*/
import java.util.ArrayList;
public class PourOil {
public static void main(String[] args) {
OilBucket obs[] = new OilBucket[3];
obs[0] = new OilBucket(12,12);
obs[1] = new OilBucket(8, 0);
obs[2] = new OilBucket(5, 0);
//用来记录每次倒完油后,各个油桶中存在的油
ArrayList<String> list = new ArrayList<String>();
//把第一次的情况先记录
Buckets buckets = new Buckets();
buckets.setOilBuckets(obs);
list.add(buckets.toString());
dfs(buckets, list);//进行深搜
}
public static void dfs(Buckets buckets,ArrayList<String> list){
//只要有一个油桶满足存在的油量是 6 就可以了
for (int k = 0; k < buckets.getOilBuckets().length; k++) {
if (buckets.getOilBuckets()[k].getExist()==6) {
print(buckets);
return ;
}
}
Buckets temp = new Buckets(buckets);
//进行倒油 把油桶i的油倒入油桶j中
for (int i = 0; i < temp.getOilBuckets().length; i++) {
for (int j = 0; j < temp.getOilBuckets().length; j++) {
if (j==i) {//自己不给自己倒油
continue;
}
int add = temp.getOilBuckets()[j].add(temp.getOilBuckets()[i]);//把油桶i的油倒入油桶j中
//寻找该次倒油后出现的情况是否出现过
//如果是第一次出现 则继续倒油 并记录
if (!list.contains(temp.toString())) {
temp.setParent(buckets);
list.add(temp.toString());
dfs(temp, list);
}
//能到这里说明 不是第一次出现 把油倒回去
temp.getOilBuckets()[j].pourOut(temp.getOilBuckets()[i], add);
}
}
}
private static void print(Buckets buckets) {
System.out.println("--------------");
String str = "";
while(buckets!=null){
str = buckets.toString()+str;
buckets = buckets.getParent();
}
System.out.print(str);
}
}
class Buckets {
private OilBucket[] oilBuckets;//用对象数组存放所有油桶
private Buckets parent; //记录父节点
/**
* 空参构造
*/
public Buckets() {
}
/**
* 拷贝对象的构造函数 ---深拷贝(解除引用赋值捆绑)
* @param buckets 被拷贝的对象
*/
public Buckets(Buckets buckets) {
if (buckets==null||buckets.oilBuckets.length==0) {
return;
}
this.oilBuckets = new OilBucket[buckets.oilBuckets.length];
for (int i = 0; i < buckets.oilBuckets.length; i++) {
this.oilBuckets[i] = new OilBucket(buckets.oilBuckets[i].getVolume(), buckets.oilBuckets[i].getExist());
}
}
/**
* 获取父节点对象
* @return 父节点
*/
public Buckets getParent() {
return parent;
}
/**
* 设置父节点
* @param parent 父节点
*/
public void setParent(Buckets parent) {
this.parent = parent;
}
/**
* 获取油桶的集合
* @return 油桶的集合
*/
public OilBucket[] getOilBuckets() {
return oilBuckets;
}
/**
* 设置油桶的集合
* @param oilBuckets 油桶的集合
*/
public void setOilBuckets(OilBucket[] oilBuckets) {
this.oilBuckets = oilBuckets;
}
@Override
public boolean equals(Object obj) {
if (this == obj)
return true;
if (obj == null)
return false;
if (getClass() != obj.getClass())
return false;
Buckets other = (Buckets) obj;
///以下是根据题目需求来判断是否相等/
for (int i = 0; i < oilBuckets.length; i++) {
//只要有一个油桶里面的油量不同 说明两个油桶集合不相同
if (oilBuckets[i].getExist()!=other.getOilBuckets()[i].getExist()) {
return false;
}
}
return true;
}
@Override
public String toString() {
StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder();
if (oilBuckets==null||oilBuckets.length==0) {
return null;
}
sb.append(oilBuckets[0].getExist());
for (int i = 1; i < oilBuckets.length; i++) {
sb.append(","+oilBuckets[i].getExist());
}
sb.append("\r\n");
return sb.toString();
}
}
class OilBucket {
private int volume;// 油桶的容量
private int exist;// 油桶里已有的油
public OilBucket() {
}
/**
* 构造一个油桶
* @param volume 油桶的容量
* @param exist 油桶里已有的油
*/
public OilBucket(int volume, int exist) {
super();
this.volume = volume;
this.exist = exist;
}
/**
* 把油桶ob中油倒入当前对象中
*
* @param ob 倒出油的对象
*
* @return 表示倒入油的数量
*/
public int add(OilBucket ob) {
if (ob == null) {
return 0;
}
int add = 0;
if (volume>=exist+ob.exist) {
add=ob.exist;
exist += ob.exist;
ob.exist =0;
}else{
add = volume-exist;
ob.exist -= add;
exist = volume;
}
return add;
}
/**
* 把当前对象中的油倒入ob中
*
* @param ob 被倒入油的对象
*
* @return 表示倒出油的数量
*/
public void pourOut(OilBucket ob,int value) {
if (ob==null) {
return ;
}
exist -= value;
ob.exist += value;
}
public int getVolume() {
return volume;
}
public void setVolume(int volume) {
this.volume = volume;
}
public int getExist() {
return exist;
}
public void setExist(int exist) {
this.exist = exist;
}
}