面向对象案例分析 - Java基础知识 3

学习笔记

初期最可靠也是最简单的分析依据：简单Java类；

案例一

编写并测试一个代表地址的address类，地址由国家、省份、城市、街道、邮编组成，并返回完整信息。

class Address{
	private String country ;
	private String province ;
	private String city ;
	private String street ;
	private String zipcode ;

	// 构造方法
	public Address(){}
	public Address(String country, String province, String city, String street, String zipcode){
		this.country  = country  ;
		this.province = province ;
		this.city     = city     ;
		this.street   = street   ;
		this.zipcode  = zipcode  ;
	}

	// stter getter
	public String getInfo(){
		return "国家：" + this.country + 
			   "、省份：" + this.province + 
			   "、城市：" + this.city +
			   "、街道：" + this.street +
			   "、邮编：" + this.zipcode ;
	}

	public void setCountry(String country){
		this.country = country ;
	}
	public void setProvince(String province){
		this.province = province ;
	}
	public void setCity(String city){
		this.city = city ;
	}
	public void setStreet(String street){
		this.street = street ;
	}
	public void setZipcode(String zipcode){
		this.zipcode = zipcode ;
	}
	public String getCountry(){
		return this.country ;
	}
	public String getProvince(){
		return this.province ;
	}
	public String getCity(){
		return this.city ;
	}
	public String getStreet(){
		return this.street ;
	}
	public String getZipcode(){
		return this.zipcode ;
	}


}

public class JavaDemo{ // 主类
	public static void main(String arges[]){
		Address address = new Address("中国", "四川", "成都", "电子科大", "000001"); 
		System.out.println(address.getInfo()) ;
	}

}

案例二

定义并测试一个代表员工的Employee类。员工属性包括“编号”、“姓名”、“基本工资”、“薪水增长率”，包括计算薪水增长额以及计算增长后的工资总额的操作方法。

这个程序的功能已经超过简单Java类的范畴，因为简单Java类中不包括复杂的逻辑，但是思考依然从简单Java类开始。

class Employee{
	private long empno ;
	private String ename      ;
	private double salary;
	private double rate ;

	public Employee(){}
	public Employee(long empno, String ename, double salary, double rate){
		this.empno = empno ;
		this.ename = ename ;
		this.salary = salary ;
		this.rate  = rate  ;
	}

	// setter getter略
	public String getInfo(){
		return "编号：" + empno + 
			   "、姓名：" + ename + 
			   "、工资：" + salary +
			   "、增长率：" + rate ;
	}
	public double salaryIncValue(){ //的到薪水增长额度
		return this.salary * this.rate ;
	}
	public double salaryIncResult(){ // 薪水总额
		this.salary = this.salary * (1 + this.rate) ;
		return this.salary ;
	}


}

public class JavaDemo{ // 主类
	public static void main(String arges[]){
		Employee employee = new Employee(001,"张三", 12000.00, 0.01) ;
		System.out.println(employee.getInfo()) ;
		System.out.println(employee.salaryIncValue()) ;
		System.out.println(employee.salaryIncResult()) ;
		System.out.println(employee.getInfo()) ;
	}

}

案例三

构造一个银行账户类，类的构成包含如下如下：

1. 数据成员用户的账户名称、用户账户余额（private数据类型）。
2. 方法包括开户（设置账户名称及余额），利用构造方法完成。
3. 查询余额。

class Acount{
	private String ename ;
	private double balance ;
	
	public Acount(){}
	public Acount(String ename){
		this(ename, 0.0) ;
	}
	public Acount(String ename, double balance){
		this.ename = ename ;
		this.balance = balance ;
	}
	//setter getter略

	public String checkBalance(){
		return "账户姓名：" + this.ename +
			   "、账户余额：" + this.balance ;
	}
}

public class JavaDemo{ // 主类
	public static void main(String arges[]){
		Acount acount = new Acount("张三") ;
		System.out.println(acount.checkBalance()) ;

	}

}

案例四

设计一个表示用户的user类，类中有用户名、口令、记录用户个数的变量，定义类的三个构造，获取和设置口令的方法和返回类信息。

方法一：使用静态代码块 

class User{
	private String uid ;
	private long password ;
	private static int count = 1 ;

	static{
		count ++ ;
	}

	public User(){}
	public User(String uid){
		this(uid, 0);
	}
	public User(String uid, long password){
		this.uid = uid ;
		this.password = password ;
		
	}

	// setter getter 略
	public static int getCount(){
		return count ;
	}
	public String getInfo(){
		return "用户名：" + this.uid + 
			   "、口令：" + this.password +
			   "、已有用户数目：" + count ;
	}
	public void setComand(long password){
		this.password = password ;
	}
}

public class JavaDemo{ // 主类
	public static void main(String arges[]){
		User user1 = new User() ;
		User user2 = new User() ;
		System.out.println(user2.getInfo() ) ;

	}

}

方法二

class User{
	private String uid ;
	private String password ;
	private static int count = 0 ;

	public User(){
		this("无名氏", "0000") ;
	}
	public User(String uid){
		this(uid, "00000") ;
	}
	public User(String uid, String password){
		this.uid = uid ;
		this.password = password ;
		count ++ ;
		
	}

	// setter getter 略
	public static int getCount(){
		return count ;
	}
	public String getInfo(){
		return "用户名：" + this.uid + 
			   "、口令：" + this.password +
			   "、已有用户数目：" + count ;
	}
	public void setComand(String password){
		this.password = password ;
	}
}

public class JavaDemo{ // 主类
	public static void main(String arges[]){
		User user1 = new User() ;
		User user2 = new User() ;
		System.out.println(User.getCount() ) ;

	}

}

案例五

声明一个图书类，其数据成员为书名、编号（使用静态变量自动编号）、书价，并拥有静态数据成员册数、图书总册数，在构造方法中利用次静态变量为对象赋值，在主方法中定义多个对象，并求出总册数。

class Book{
	private int bid ; // 编号
	private String title ; //书名
	private double price ; // 价格
	private static int  count = 0 ;

    public Book(){
		this("未知", 0.0) ;
    }
	public Book(String title){
		this(title, 0.0) ;
	}
	public Book(String title, double price){
		this.bid = count ;
		this.title = title ;
		this.price = price ;
		count ++ ;
	}

	// setter getter 略

	public String getInfo(){
		return "书名：" + this.title +
			   "、价格：" + this.price + 
			   "、编号：" + this.bid ;
	}
	
	public static int getCount(){
		return count ;
	}
}

public class JavaDemo{ // 主类
	public static void main(String arges[]){
		Book book1 = new Book();
		Book book2 = new Book("java",100.00) ;
		Book book3 = new Book("JSP") ;
		System.out.println(book1.getInfo()) ;
		System.out.println(book2.getInfo()) ;
		System.out.println(book3.getInfo()) ;
		System.out.println("图书总册数：" + Book.getCount()) ;

	}

}

在面向对象的基础开发中，简单Java类是解决先期设计的最好解决方案。