多线程间通信

多线程并发,主要是多线程操作资源类,其次是多线程间的通信,三部曲,判断、干活、通知,为了防止虚假唤醒判断时必须使用while,最后,为了保证多线程执行的顺序性,可以使用Condition配合标志位来通知唤醒指定线程。

生产者消费者

两个线程操作空调资源类,一个升温一度,一个减温一度,一来一回,循环10

版本一

多线程间通信三部曲,判断、干活、通知唤醒其它线程

package com.zbiti.juc;


//高内聚低耦合,多线程操作资源类
//多线程通信 判断/干活/通知  为了防止虚假唤醒判断用while
public class ProducerConsumerDemo {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        AirConditon airConditon = new AirConditon();
        new Thread(()->{
            try {
                for(int i=1;i<=10;i  ){
                    airConditon.increament();
                }
            } catch (Exception e) {
                e.printStackTrace();
            }
        },"AA").start();

        new Thread(()->{
            try {
                for(int i=1;i<=10;i  ){
                    airConditon.decreament();
                }
            } catch (Exception e) {
                e.printStackTrace();
            }
        },"BB").start();
    }
}


//空调资源类 带加一度、减一度功能
class AirConditon {
    int number = 0;


    synchronized void increament() throws Exception {
        //判断
        if (number != 0) {
            this.wait();
        }

        //干活
        number  ;
        System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName() "\t" number);

        //通知
        this.notifyAll();
    }


    synchronized void decreament() throws Exception {

        //判断
        if (number != 1) {
            this.wait();
        }

        //干活
        number--;
        System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName() "\t" number);

        //通知
        this.notifyAll();
    }

}

结果

此时结果是正确的

AA    1
BB    0
AA    1
BB    0
AA    1
BB    0
AA    1
BB    0
AA    1
BB    0
AA    1
BB    0
AA    1
BB    0
AA    1
BB    0
AA    1
BB    0
AA    1
BB    0

Process finished with exit code 0

如果是换成是4个线程呢,两个生产者,两个消费者

package com.zbiti.juc;


//高内聚低耦合,多线程操作资源类
//多线程通信 判断/干活/通知  为了防止虚假唤醒判断用while
public class ProducerConsumerDemo {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        AirConditon airConditon = new AirConditon();
        new Thread(()->{
            try {
                for(int i=1;i<=10;i  ){
                    airConditon.increament();
                }
            } catch (Exception e) {
                e.printStackTrace();
            }
        },"AA").start();

        new Thread(()->{
            try {
                for(int i=1;i<=10;i  ){
                    airConditon.decreament();
                }
            } catch (Exception e) {
                e.printStackTrace();
            }
        },"BB").start();

        new Thread(()->{
            try {
                for(int i=1;i<=10;i  ){
                    airConditon.increament();
                }
            } catch (Exception e) {
                e.printStackTrace();
            }
        },"CC").start();

        new Thread(()->{
            try {
                for(int i=1;i<=10;i  ){
                    airConditon.decreament();
                }
            } catch (Exception e) {
                e.printStackTrace();
            }
        },"DD").start();
    }
}


//空调资源类 带加一度、减一度功能
class AirConditon {
    int number = 0;


    synchronized void increament() throws Exception {
        //判断
        if (number != 0) {
            this.wait();
        }

        //干活
        number  ;
        System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName() "\t" number);

        //通知
        this.notifyAll();
    }


    synchronized void decreament() throws Exception {

        //判断
        if (number != 1) {
            this.wait();
        }

        //干活
        number--;
        System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName() "\t" number);

        //通知
        this.notifyAll();
    }

}

结果

可以看到结果并不符合我们预期的

AA    1
DD    0
CC    1
AA    2
CC    3
DD    2
CC    3
BB    2
AA    3
BB    2
CC    3
DD    2
CC    3
BB    2
AA    3
BB    2
CC    3
DD    2
CC    3
BB    2
AA    3
BB    2
CC    3
DD    2
CC    3
BB    2
AA    3
BB    2
CC    3
DD    2
BB    1
BB    0
AA    1
DD    0
AA    1
DD    0
AA    1
DD    0
AA    1
DD    0

Process finished with exit code 0

版本二

为了防止虚假唤醒,使用while进行判断

1575023355905

版本三

使用ReentrantLock,区别是等待和通知唤醒的使用的是Conditioncondition.await();condition.signalAll();

package com.zbiti.juc;


import java.util.concurrent.locks.Condition;
import java.util.concurrent.locks.Lock;
import java.util.concurrent.locks.ReentrantLock;

//高内聚低耦合,多线程操作资源类
//多线程通信 判断/干活/通知  为了防止虚假唤醒判断用while
public class ProducerConsumerDemo {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        AirConditon airConditon = new AirConditon();
        new Thread(() -> {
            try {
                for (int i = 1; i <= 10; i  ) {
                    airConditon.increament();
                }
            } catch (Exception e) {
                e.printStackTrace();
            }
        }, "AA").start();

        new Thread(() -> {
            try {
                for (int i = 1; i <= 10; i  ) {
                    airConditon.decreament();
                }
            } catch (Exception e) {
                e.printStackTrace();
            }
        }, "BB").start();

        new Thread(() -> {
            try {
                for (int i = 1; i <= 10; i  ) {
                    airConditon.increament();
                }
            } catch (Exception e) {
                e.printStackTrace();
            }
        }, "CC").start();

        new Thread(() -> {
            try {
                for (int i = 1; i <= 10; i  ) {
                    airConditon.decreament();
                }
            } catch (Exception e) {
                e.printStackTrace();
            }
        }, "DD").start();
    }
}


//空调资源类 带加一度、减一度功能
class AirConditon {
    int number = 0;
    Lock lock = new ReentrantLock();
    Condition condition = lock.newCondition();

    void increament() throws Exception {

        lock.lock();
        try {
            //判断
            while (number != 0) {
                condition.await();
            }

            //干活
            number  ;
            System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName()   "\t"   number);

            //通知
            condition.signalAll();
        } catch (Exception e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        } finally {
            lock.unlock();
        }


    }


    void decreament() throws Exception {
        lock.lock();
        try {

            //判断
            while (number != 1) {
                condition.await();
            }

            //干活
            number--;
            System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName()   "\t"   number);

            //通知
            condition.signalAll();
        } catch (Exception e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        } finally {
            lock.unlock();
        }


    }

}

结果

AA    1
BB    0
AA    1
BB    0
AA    1
BB    0
AA    1
BB    0
AA    1
BB    0
AA    1
BB    0
AA    1
BB    0
AA    1
BB    0
AA    1
BB    0
AA    1
BB    0
CC    1
DD    0
CC    1
DD    0
CC    1
DD    0
CC    1
DD    0
CC    1
DD    0
CC    1
DD    0
CC    1
DD    0
CC    1
DD    0
CC    1
DD    0
CC    1
DD    0

Process finished with exit code 0

Condition通知唤醒特定线程

多线程通信的原则,判断、干活、通知

使用Condition配合标志位通知特定线程干活,通知前需要修改标志位

package com.zbiti.juc;


import java.util.concurrent.locks.Condition;
import java.util.concurrent.locks.Lock;
import java.util.concurrent.locks.ReentrantLock;

//三个线程 A B C ,A打印5次,B打印10次,C打印15次,循环10轮
public class ConditionDemo {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        ShareData shareData = new ShareData();

        new Thread(() -> {
            for (int i = 1; i <= 10; i  ) {
                shareData.print5();
            }
        }, "A").start();
        new Thread(() -> {
            for (int i = 1; i <= 10; i  ) {
                shareData.print10();
            }
        }, "B").start();
        new Thread(() -> {
            for (int i = 1; i <= 10; i  ) {
                shareData.print15();
            }
        }, "C").start();
    }


}

//资源类
class ShareData {
    Lock lock = new ReentrantLock();
    Condition c1 = lock.newCondition();
    Condition c2 = lock.newCondition();
    Condition c3 = lock.newCondition();

    //标志位1线程A执行,2线程B执行,3线程C执行
    int number = 1;

    void print5() {
        lock.lock();
        try {
            //判断
            while (number != 1) {
                c1.await();
            }
            //干活
            for (int i = 1; i <= 5; i  ) {
                System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName()   "\t"   i);
            }
            //通知前改变标志位
            number = 2;
            c2.signal();
        } catch (Exception e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        } finally {
            lock.unlock();
        }


    }

    void print10() {
        lock.lock();
        try {
            //判断
            while (number != 2) {
                c2.await();
            }
            //干活
            for (int i = 1; i <= 10; i  ) {
                System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName()   "\t"   i);
            }
            //通知
            number = 3;
            c3.signal();
        } catch (Exception e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        } finally {
            lock.unlock();
        }


    }

    void print15() {
        lock.lock();
        try {
            //判断
            while (number != 3) {
                c3.await();
            }
            //干活
            for (int i = 1; i <= 15; i  ) {
                System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName()   "\t"   i);
            }
            //通知
            number = 1;
            c1.signal();
        } catch (Exception e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        } finally {
            lock.unlock();
        }
    }
}

小总结

线程间通信三部曲,判断、干活、通知唤醒,为了防止虚假唤醒,使用while进行判断

synchronized版本

1575026722239

ReentrantLock版本

1575026870600

Condition通知唤醒特定线程,通知唤醒前修改标志位

1575026974191

1575027067881

1575027103708

本文由博客一文多发平台 OpenWrite 发布!

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