深入学习java源码之CharSequence.chars()CharSequence.codePoints()

深入学习java源码之CharSequence.chars()CharSequence.codePoints()

String 是java中的字符串，它继承于CharSequence。
String类所包含的API接口非常多。为了便于今后的使用，我对String的API进行了分类，并都给出的演示程序。

String 和 CharSequence 关系
String 继承于CharSequence，也就是说String也是CharSequence类型。
CharSequence是一个接口，它只包括length(), charAt(int index), subSequence(int start, int end)这几个API接口。除了String实现了CharSequence之外，StringBuffer和StringBuilder也实现了CharSequence接口。
需要说明的是，CharSequence就是字符序列，String, StringBuilder和StringBuffer本质上都是通过字符数组实现的！

StringBuilder 和 StringBuffer 的区别

StringBuilder 和 StringBuffer都是可变的字符序列。它们都继承于AbstractStringBuilder，实现了CharSequence接口。
但是，StringBuilder是非线程安全的，而StringBuffer是线程安全的。

charSequence是一个接口，表示char值的一个可读序列。此接口对许多不同种类的char序列提供统一的自读访问。此接口不修改该equals和hashCode方法的常规协定，因此，通常未定义比较实现 CharSequence 的两个对象的结果。他有几个实现类：CharBuffer、String、StringBuffer、StringBuilder。

java8新增2个default方法

public default IntStream chars()
public default IntStream codePoints()

分别转换为以char和codepoint为单位的java stream.注意转换后为int类型的unicode编码.

函数式接口Consumer

package jdk8;

import java.util.function.Consumer;

public class ConsumerTest {

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        testConsumer();
        testAndThen();
    }

    /**
     * 一个简单的平方计算
     */
    public static void testConsumer(){
        Consumer<Integer> square = x -> System.out.println("print square : " + x * x);
        square.accept(2);
    }

    /**
     * 定义3个Consumer并按顺序进行调用andThen方法，其中consumer2抛出NullPointerException。
     */
    public static void testAndThen(){
        Consumer<Integer> consumer1 = x -> System.out.println("first x : " + x);
        Consumer<Integer> consumer2 = x -> {
            System.out.println("second x : " + x);
            throw new NullPointerException("throw exception test");
        };
        Consumer<Integer> consumer3 = x -> System.out.println("third x : " + x);

        consumer1.andThen(consumer2).andThen(consumer3).accept(1);
    }
}

下面是执行结果：

print square : 4

first x : 1
second x : 1
Exception in thread "main" java.lang.NullPointerException: throw exception test
    at jdk8.ConsumerTest.lambda$testAndThen$2(ConsumerTest.java:27)
    at java.util.function.Consumer.lambda$andThen$0(Consumer.java:65)
    at java.util.function.Consumer.lambda$andThen$0(Consumer.java:65)
    at jdk8.ConsumerTest.testAndThen(ConsumerTest.java:31)
    at jdk8.ConsumerTest.main(ConsumerTest.java:9)

Process finished with exit code 1

在testAndThen()方法的执行结果可以看到打印的顺序和出现异常的情况（third x : 1 并没有输出）

foreach

default void forEach(Consumer<? super T> action) {
        Objects.requireNonNull(action);
        for (T t : this) {
            action.accept(t);
        }
    }

Consumer的accept只接受一个参数，那如果要是想使用多个参数要怎么办？jdk8又提供了一个BiConsumer接口类，该类与Consumer的区别是可以接受2个参数。

 

java源码

Modifier and Type	Method and Description
char	charAt(int index) 返回 char指定索引处的值。
default IntStream	chars() 返回一个 int的流，从这个序列中零扩展 char值。
default IntStream	codePoints() 从此序列返回码流值。
int	length() 返回此字符序列的长度。
CharSequence	subSequence(int start, int end) 返回一个 CharSequence ，这是这个序列的一个子序列。
String	toString() 以与此顺序相同的顺序返回包含此序列中的字符的字符串。

package java.lang;
import java.util.NoSuchElementException;
import java.util.PrimitiveIterator;
import java.util.Spliterator;
import java.util.Spliterators;
import java.util.function.IntConsumer;
import java.util.stream.IntStream;
import java.util.stream.StreamSupport;


public interface CharSequence {

    int length();

    char charAt(int index);

    CharSequence subSequence(int start, int end);

    public String toString();

    public default IntStream chars() {
        class CharIterator implements PrimitiveIterator.OfInt {
            int cur = 0;

            public boolean hasNext() {
                return cur < length();
            }

            public int nextInt() {
                if (hasNext()) {
                    return charAt(cur++);
                } else {
                    throw new NoSuchElementException();
                }
            }

            @Override
            public void forEachRemaining(IntConsumer block) {
                for (; cur < length(); cur++) {
                    block.accept(charAt(cur));
                }
            }
        }

        return StreamSupport.intStream(() ->
                Spliterators.spliterator(
                        new CharIterator(),
                        length(),
                        Spliterator.ORDERED),
                Spliterator.SUBSIZED | Spliterator.SIZED | Spliterator.ORDERED,
                false);
    }

    public default IntStream codePoints() {
        class CodePointIterator implements PrimitiveIterator.OfInt {
            int cur = 0;

            @Override
            public void forEachRemaining(IntConsumer block) {
                final int length = length();
                int i = cur;
                try {
                    while (i < length) {
                        char c1 = charAt(i++);
                        if (!Character.isHighSurrogate(c1) || i >= length) {
                            block.accept(c1);
                        } else {
                            char c2 = charAt(i);
                            if (Character.isLowSurrogate(c2)) {
                                i++;
                                block.accept(Character.toCodePoint(c1, c2));
                            } else {
                                block.accept(c1);
                            }
                        }
                    }
                } finally {
                    cur = i;
                }
            }

            public boolean hasNext() {
                return cur < length();
            }

            public int nextInt() {
                final int length = length();

                if (cur >= length) {
                    throw new NoSuchElementException();
                }
                char c1 = charAt(cur++);
                if (Character.isHighSurrogate(c1) && cur < length) {
                    char c2 = charAt(cur);
                    if (Character.isLowSurrogate(c2)) {
                        cur++;
                        return Character.toCodePoint(c1, c2);
                    }
                }
                return c1;
            }
        }

        return StreamSupport.intStream(() ->
                Spliterators.spliteratorUnknownSize(
                        new CodePointIterator(),
                        Spliterator.ORDERED),
                Spliterator.ORDERED,
                false);
    }
}

 

Modifier and Type	Method and Description
void	forEachRemaining(T_CONS action) 对每个剩余的元素执行给定的动作，按照迭代时发生的顺序，直到所有元素都被处理或动作引发异常。

package java.util;

import java.util.function.Consumer;
import java.util.function.DoubleConsumer;
import java.util.function.IntConsumer;
import java.util.function.LongConsumer;


public interface PrimitiveIterator<T, T_CONS> extends Iterator<T> {

    @SuppressWarnings("overloads")
    void forEachRemaining(T_CONS action);

    /**
     * An Iterator specialized for {@code int} values.
     * @since 1.8
     */
    public static interface OfInt extends PrimitiveIterator<Integer, IntConsumer> {

        int nextInt();

        default void forEachRemaining(IntConsumer action) {
            Objects.requireNonNull(action);
            while (hasNext())
                action.accept(nextInt());
        }

        @Override
        default Integer next() {
            if (Tripwire.ENABLED)
                Tripwire.trip(getClass(), "{0} calling PrimitiveIterator.OfInt.nextInt()");
            return nextInt();
        }

        @Override
        default void forEachRemaining(Consumer<? super Integer> action) {
            if (action instanceof IntConsumer) {
                forEachRemaining((IntConsumer) action);
            }
            else {
                // The method reference action::accept is never null
                Objects.requireNonNull(action);
                if (Tripwire.ENABLED)
                    Tripwire.trip(getClass(), "{0} calling PrimitiveIterator.OfInt.forEachRemainingInt(action::accept)");
                forEachRemaining((IntConsumer) action::accept);
            }
        }

    }


    public static interface OfLong extends PrimitiveIterator<Long, LongConsumer> {


        long nextLong();

        default void forEachRemaining(LongConsumer action) {
            Objects.requireNonNull(action);
            while (hasNext())
                action.accept(nextLong());
        }

        @Override
        default Long next() {
            if (Tripwire.ENABLED)
                Tripwire.trip(getClass(), "{0} calling PrimitiveIterator.OfLong.nextLong()");
            return nextLong();
        }

        @Override
        default void forEachRemaining(Consumer<? super Long> action) {
            if (action instanceof LongConsumer) {
                forEachRemaining((LongConsumer) action);
            }
            else {
                // The method reference action::accept is never null
                Objects.requireNonNull(action);
                if (Tripwire.ENABLED)
                    Tripwire.trip(getClass(), "{0} calling PrimitiveIterator.OfLong.forEachRemainingLong(action::accept)");
                forEachRemaining((LongConsumer) action::accept);
            }
        }
    }


    public static interface OfDouble extends PrimitiveIterator<Double, DoubleConsumer> {


        double nextDouble();

        default void forEachRemaining(DoubleConsumer action) {
            Objects.requireNonNull(action);
            while (hasNext())
                action.accept(nextDouble());
        }

        @Override
        default Double next() {
            if (Tripwire.ENABLED)
                Tripwire.trip(getClass(), "{0} calling PrimitiveIterator.OfDouble.nextLong()");
            return nextDouble();
        }

        @Override
        default void forEachRemaining(Consumer<? super Double> action) {
            if (action instanceof DoubleConsumer) {
                forEachRemaining((DoubleConsumer) action);
            }
            else {
                // The method reference action::accept is never null
                Objects.requireNonNull(action);
                if (Tripwire.ENABLED)
                    Tripwire.trip(getClass(), "{0} calling PrimitiveIterator.OfDouble.forEachRemainingDouble(action::accept)");
                forEachRemaining((DoubleConsumer) action::accept);
            }
        }
    }
}

函数式接口

package java.util.function;
import java.util.Objects;


@FunctionalInterface
public interface Consumer<T> {


    void accept(T t);


    default Consumer<T> andThen(Consumer<? super T> after) {
        Objects.requireNonNull(after);
        return (T t) -> { accept(t); after.accept(t); };
    }
}

 

package java.util.function;
import java.util.Objects;

@FunctionalInterface
public interface DoubleConsumer {

    void accept(double value);

    default DoubleConsumer andThen(DoubleConsumer after) {
        Objects.requireNonNull(after);
        return (double t) -> { accept(t); after.accept(t); };
    }
}

 

 

package java.util.function;
import java.util.Objects;


@FunctionalInterface
public interface IntConsumer {


    void accept(int value);

    default IntConsumer andThen(IntConsumer after) {
        Objects.requireNonNull(after);
        return (int t) -> { accept(t); after.accept(t); };
    }
}

 

package java.util.function;
import java.util.Objects;


@FunctionalInterface
public interface LongConsumer {

    void accept(long value);

    default LongConsumer andThen(LongConsumer after) {
        Objects.requireNonNull(after);
        return (long t) -> { accept(t); after.accept(t); };
    }
}

 

package java.util;
import java.util.function.Consumer;

public interface Iterator<E> {

    boolean hasNext();

    E next();

    default void remove() {
        throw new UnsupportedOperationException("remove");
    }

    default void forEachRemaining(Consumer<? super E> action) {
        Objects.requireNonNull(action);
        while (hasNext())
            action.accept(next());
    }
}