一.使用URlConnection
//传入的数据为xml格式字符串
public static String sendPosts(String url, String param) throws DocumentException {
System.out.println("=========发送报文=========="+"\n"+Xmlutil.getxml());
PrintWriter out = null;
BufferedReader in = null;
String result = "";
try {
URL realUrl = new URL(url);
// 打开和URL之间的连接
URLConnection conn = realUrl.openConnection();
// 设置通用的请求属性
conn.setRequestProperty("accept", "*/*");
conn.setRequestProperty("connection", "Keep-Alive");
conn.setRequestProperty("user-agent","Mozilla/4.0 (compatible; MSIE 6.0; Windows NT 5.1;SV1)");
// 发送POST请求必须设置如下两行
conn.setDoOutput(true);
conn.setDoInput(true);
// 获取URLConnection对象对应的输出流
out = new PrintWriter(conn.getOutputStream());
// 发送请求参数
out.print(param);
// flush输出流的缓冲
out.flush();
// 定义BufferedReader输入流来读取URL的响应
in = new BufferedReader( new InputStreamReader(conn.getInputStream()));
String line;
while ((line = in.readLine()) != null) {
result += line;
}
} catch (Exception e) {
System.out.println("发送 POST 请求出现异常!"+e);
e.printStackTrace();
}
//使用finally块来关闭输出流、输入流
finally{
try{
if(out!=null){
out.close();
}
if(in!=null){
in.close();
}
}
catch(IOException ex){
ex.printStackTrace();
}
}
System.out.println();
System.out.println("=========响应报文=========="+"\n"+xmlprint(result));
return result;
}
二.使用HTTPURLConnection(为URLConnection的子类)
public String Post(){
try {
Xmlutil xml=new Xmlutil();
String xmlstr=xml.getxml();
System.out.println("==========发送报文============"+"\n"+xmlstr);
// 创建url资源
URL url = new URL(url);
// 建立http连接
HttpURLConnection conn = (HttpURLConnection) url.openConnection();
// 设置允许输出
conn.setDoOutput(true);
conn.setDoInput(true);
// 设置不用缓存
conn.setUseCaches(false);
// 设置传递方式
conn.setRequestMethod("POST");
// 设置维持长连接
conn.setRequestProperty("Connection", "Keep-Alive");
// 设置文件字符集:
conn.setRequestProperty("Charset", "UTF-8");
//转换为字节数组
byte[] data = xmlstr.getBytes();
// 设置文件长度
conn.setRequestProperty("Content-Length", String.valueOf(data.length));
// 设置文件类型:
conn.setRequestProperty("contentType", "text/xml");
// 开始连接请求
conn.connect();
OutputStream out = conn.getOutputStream();
// 写入请求的字符串
out.write(data);
out.flush();
out.close();
System.out.println(conn.getResponseCode());
// 请求返回的状态
if (conn.getResponseCode() == 200) {
System.out.println("连接成功");
// 请求返回的数据
InputStream in = conn.getInputStream();
String a = null;
try {
byte[] data1 = new byte[in.available()];
in.read(data1);
// 转成字符串
a = new String(data1);
System.out.println("========================响应报文========================"+"\n"+xmlprint(a));
return a;
} catch (Exception e1) {
// TODO Auto-generated catch block
e1.printStackTrace();
}
} else {
System.out.println("no++");
}
} catch (Exception e) {
}
return null;
}
三.使用HTTPClient(最简洁的方式)
//使用httpclient进行http通信(采用HttpClient4.3以上版本)
public String sendXMLDataByPost(String url, String xmlData) throws Exception {
System.out.println("==================发送报文================="+"\n"+Xmlutil.getxml());
//1.创建httpclient对象
HttpClient httpclient=HttpClients.createDefault();
//2.创建POST请求
HttpPost post = new HttpPost(url);
//3.添加http头信息
// post.addHeader("Content-Type", "text/xml;charset=UTF-8");
//4.创建消息实体
StringEntity stringEntity=new StringEntity(xmlData,"utf-8");
//解决中文乱码问题
stringEntity.setContentEncoding("utf-8");
//5.向post请求中添加消息实体
post.setEntity(stringEntity);
//手动读取响应
// HttpResponse response=httpclient.execute(post);
// HttpEntity httpEntity=response.getEntity();
// String result=EntityUtils.toString(httpEntity, "utf-8");
//响应器处理器
// ResponseHandler<String> responseHandler= new ResponseHandler<String>() {
//
// @Override
// public String handleResponse(HttpResponse response)
// throws ClientProtocolException, IOException {
//
// int status=response.getStatusLine().getStatusCode();
//
// if(status>=200 && status<300){
// HttpEntity entity=response.getEntity();
// //三目运算符
// return entity != null ? EntityUtils.toString(entity) : null;
// }else{
// throw new ClientProtocolException("Unexpected response status: " + status);
// }
//
// }
//
// };
//自动读取响应
ResponseHandler<String> responseHandler= new BasicResponseHandler();
String result=httpclient.execute(post, responseHandler);
System.out.println("==================响应报文================="+"\n"+xmlprint(result));
return result;
}
关于响应内容可以有三种处理方式:EntityUtils、ResponseHandler、BasicResponseHandler