朴素贝叶斯算法 Python实现

本代码实现了朴素贝叶斯分类器（假设了条件独立的版本），常用于垃圾邮件分类，进行了拉普拉斯平滑

关于朴素贝叶斯算法原理可以参考博客中原理部分的博文。

#!/usr/bin/python
# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
from math import log
from numpy import*
import operator
import matplotlib
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
from os import listdir
def loadDataSet():
    postingList=[['my', 'dog', 'has', 'flea', 'problems', 'help', 'please'],
                 ['maybe', 'not', 'take', 'him', 'to', 'dog', 'park', 'stupid'],
                 ['my', 'dalmation', 'is', 'so', 'cute', 'I', 'love', 'him'],
                 ['stop', 'posting', 'stupid', 'worthless', 'garbage'],
                 ['mr', 'licks', 'ate', 'my', 'steak', 'how', 'to', 'stop', 'him'],
                 ['quit', 'buying', 'worthless', 'dog', 'food', 'stupid']]
    classVec = [0,1,0,1,0,1]
    return postingList,classVec
def createVocabList(dataSet):
    vocabSet = set([])  #create empty set
    for document in dataSet:
        vocabSet = vocabSet | set(document) #union of the two sets
    return list(vocabSet)

def setOfWords2Vec(vocabList, inputSet):
    returnVec = [0]*len(vocabList)
    for word in inputSet:
        if word in vocabList:
            returnVec[vocabList.index(word)] = 1
        else: print "the word: %s is not in my Vocabulary!" % word
    return returnVec
def trainNB0(trainMatrix,trainCategory):   #训练模型
    numTrainDocs = len(trainMatrix)
    numWords = len(trainMatrix[0])
    pAbusive = sum(trainCategory)/float(numTrainDocs)
    p0Num = ones(numWords); p1Num = ones(numWords)    #拉普拉斯平滑
    p0Denom = 0.0+2.0; p1Denom = 0.0 +2.0           #拉普拉斯平滑
    for i in range(numTrainDocs):
        if trainCategory[i] == 1:
            p1Num += trainMatrix[i]
            p1Denom += sum(trainMatrix[i])
        else:
            p0Num += trainMatrix[i]
            p0Denom += sum(trainMatrix[i])
    p1Vect = log(p1Num/p1Denom)        #用log()是为了避免概率乘积时浮点数下溢
    p0Vect = log(p0Num/p0Denom)
    return p0Vect,p1Vect,pAbusive

def classifyNB(vec2Classify, p0Vec, p1Vec, pClass1):
    p1 = sum(vec2Classify * p1Vec) + log(pClass1)
    p0 = sum(vec2Classify * p0Vec) + log(1.0 - pClass1)
    if p1 > p0:
        return 1
    else:
        return 0

def bagOfWords2VecMN(vocabList, inputSet):
    returnVec = [0] * len(vocabList)
    for word in inputSet:
        if word in vocabList:
            returnVec[vocabList.index(word)] += 1
    return returnVec

def testingNB():   #测试训练结果
    listOPosts, listClasses = loadDataSet()
    myVocabList = createVocabList(listOPosts)
    trainMat = []
    for postinDoc in listOPosts:
        trainMat.append(setOfWords2Vec(myVocabList, postinDoc))
    p0V, p1V, pAb = trainNB0(array(trainMat), array(listClasses))
    testEntry = ['love', 'my', 'dalmation']
    thisDoc = array(setOfWords2Vec(myVocabList, testEntry))
    print testEntry, 'classified as: ', classifyNB(thisDoc, p0V, p1V, pAb)
    testEntry = ['stupid', 'garbage']
    thisDoc = array(setOfWords2Vec(myVocabList, testEntry))
    print testEntry, 'classified as: ', classifyNB(thisDoc, p0V, p1V, pAb)

def textParse(bigString):  # 长字符转转单词列表
    import re
    listOfTokens = re.split(r'\W*', bigString)
    return [tok.lower() for tok in listOfTokens if len(tok) > 2]

def spamTest():    #测试垃圾文件 需要数据
    docList = [];
    classList = [];
    fullText = []
    for i in range(1, 26):
        wordList = textParse(open('email/spam/%d.txt' % i).read())
        docList.append(wordList)
        fullText.extend(wordList)
        classList.append(1)
        wordList = textParse(open('email/ham/%d.txt' % i).read())
        docList.append(wordList)
        fullText.extend(wordList)
        classList.append(0)
    vocabList = createVocabList(docList)  
    trainingSet = range(50);
    testSet = [] 
    for i in range(10):
        randIndex = int(random.uniform(0, len(trainingSet)))
        testSet.append(trainingSet[randIndex])
        del (trainingSet[randIndex])
    trainMat = [];
    trainClasses = []
    for docIndex in trainingSet:  
        trainMat.append(bagOfWords2VecMN(vocabList, docList[docIndex]))
        trainClasses.append(classList[docIndex])
    p0V, p1V, pSpam = trainNB0(array(trainMat), array(trainClasses))
    errorCount = 0
    for docIndex in testSet: 
        wordVector = bagOfWords2VecMN(vocabList, docList[docIndex])
        if classifyNB(array(wordVector), p0V, p1V, pSpam) != classList[docIndex]:
            errorCount += 1
            print "classification error", docList[docIndex]
    print 'the error rate is: ', float(errorCount) / len(testSet)



listOPosts,listClasses=loadDataSet()
myVocabList=createVocabList(listOPosts)
print myVocabList,'\n'
# print setOfWords2Vec(myVocabList,listOPosts[0]),'\n'
trainMat=[]
for postinDoc in listOPosts:
    trainMat.append(setOfWords2Vec(myVocabList,postinDoc))
print trainMat
p0V,p1V,pAb=trainNB0(trainMat,listClasses)
print pAb
print p0V,'\n',p1V
testingNB()