VS项目中的包含目录、库目录、附加包含目录、附加库目录、附加依赖项

一. VS项目中的包含目录、库目录、附加包含目录、附加库目录、附加依赖项

VC++包含目录和库目录

C++附加包含目录

Link 附加库目录和附加依赖项

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Include directories: “VC++ Directories -> Include Directories” : Directory settings displayed in the window are the directories that Visual Studio will search for include files referred to in your source code files. Corresponds to environment variable INCLUDE. 

Note： 针对全局，solution 下面的所有project

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Additional Include Directories”: The directory to be added to the list of directories searched for include files.

The compiler searches for directories in the following order:

1.Directories containing the source file.

2.Directories specified with the /I option, in the order that CL encounters them.

3.Directories specified in the INCLUDE environment variable.

Note：只针对当前的project 

其中 order2中的/I是由C/C++ -> General -> Additional Include Directories设置的。

而在 order3中的INCLUDE是由VC++ Directories -> Include Directories设置的。

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Additional Library Directories： Linker -> General -> Additional Library Directories

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Additional Dependicies:准确的指出你要包含那些 .lib files 。

Example from MSDN

The following command looks for the include files requested by MAIN.c in the following order: First, if specified by using double-quotes, local files are searched. Next, search continues in the \INCLUDE directory, then in the \MY\INCLUDE directory, and finally in the directories assigned to the INCLUDE environment variable.

CL /I \INCLUDE /I\MY\INCLUDE MAIN.C

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在visual stuudio 的C++一般的设置如下：

In C++, you got the header files (.h), the (.lib) files and the (.dll) files.

In Visual Studio, you provide the location to search for these files in three different places:

Configuration Properties => C/C++ => General => Additional Include directories. Here you list out the "include" directories that you want searched and made available.

Configuration Properties => Linker => General => Additional Library directories. Here you list out the "lib" directories that you want to be searched and made available.

Configuration Properties => Linker => Input => Additional dependencies. Here you explicitly specify the .lib files that want to include.

 

二. 包含文件查找顺序

当被include的文件路径不是绝对路径的时候，有不同的搜索顺序。对于使用双引号“”包含的include文件，搜索的时候按以下顺序：
1.在包含当前include指令的文件所在的文件夹内搜索；

2.如果上一步找不到，则在之前已经使用include指令打开过的文件所在的文件夹内搜索，如果已经有多个被include的文件，则按照它们被打开的相反顺序 去搜索；

3.如果上一步找不到，则在编译器设置的include路径内搜索；

4.如果上一步找不到，则在系统的INCLUDE环境变量内搜索。

 

而对于使用半角尖括号<>包含的include文件，搜索的时候按以下顺序：

1.在编译器设置的include路径内搜索；

2.如果是在命令行中编译，则在系统的INCLUDE环境变量内搜索。

对于非绝对路径的文件使用上述两种include指令搜索时，一旦找到include命令所指定的文件，编译器就停止搜索。但是如果被include的文件是绝对路径的文件，比如 #include "D:\Program Files\OpenCV1.0\cv\include\cv.h" ,被包含的cv.h文件路径是绝对路径，这种情况下编译器直接按照这个给出的绝对路径是搜索。
 

 

参考：https://blog.csdn.net/theonegis/article/details/42913255

https://blog.csdn.net/godenlove007/article/details/7531521

https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/cpp/build/reference/i-additional-include-directories?view=vs-2017