C# 在Excel和Word中写入上角标与下角标

目录

一、简介、

二、实现过程

三、导出PDF字符错位

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一、简介、

       使用C#语言操作Word与Excel文件一般分为两种方式，一种为在项目中引用Microsoft Office组件，一种为使用NPOI等外部组件。

二、实现过程

        使用搜索引擎搜索在Excel与Word中写入上角标与下角标，大部分搜索结果的实现方式是通过NPOI方式实现，而本文计划使用Office组件进行文件操作。当搜索无果时打算通过在Excel中开启宏录制，然后手动写入上下角标，操作完成后查看对应宏代码，将宏代码（即VB语言）再转换为C#语言。实际录制之后发现代码较为繁琐，于是继续进行搜索，在一篇文章中发现一种通用方式写入上下角标，即使用转义字符来实现。
        如写入SO₄²⁻：“SO\x2084\x00B2\x207B(mg/L)”。

        其中x2084为 ₄（注意：此处为4的下标） 的Unicode HexEntity，x00B2为 ²（注意：此处为2的上标） 的Unicode HexEntity，x207B为 ⁻（注意：此处为-的上标） 的Unicode HexEntity。
【1】上角标字符

字符名称	字符	Num Entity	Hex Entity
SUPERSCRIPT ZERO	⁰	8304	\x2070
SUPERSCRIPT ONE	¹	185	\x00B9
SUPERSCRIPT TWO	²	178	\x00B2
SUPERSCRIPT THREE	³	179	\x00B3
SUPERSCRIPT FOUR	⁴	8308	\x2074
SUPERSCRIPT FIVE	⁵	8309	\x2075
SUPERSCRIPT SIX	⁶	8310	\x2076
SUPERSCRIPT SEVEN	⁷	8311	\x2077
SUPERSCRIPT EIGHT	⁸	8312	\x2078
SUPERSCRIPT NINE	⁹	8313	\x2079
SUPERSCRIPT PLUS SIGN	⁺	8314	\x207A
SUPERSCRIPT MINUS	⁻	8315	\x207B
SUPERSCRIPT EQUALS SIGN	⁼	8316	\x207C
SUPERSCRIPT LEFT PARENTHESIS	⁽	8317	\x207D
SUPERSCRIPT RIGHT PARENTHESIS	⁾	8318	\x207E
SUPERSCRIPT LATIN SMALL LETTER I	ⁱ	8305	\x2071
SUPERSCRIPT LATIN SMALL LETTER N	ⁿ	8319	\x207F

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【2】下角标字符

字符名称	字符	Num Entity	Hex Entity
SUBSCRIPT ZERO	₀	8320	\x2080
SUBSCRIPT ONE	₁	8321	\x2081
SUBSCRIPT TWO	₂	8322	\x2082
SUBSCRIPT THREE	₃	8323	\x2083
SUBSCRIPT FOUR	₄	8324	\x2084
SUBSCRIPT FIVE	₅	8325	\x2085
SUBSCRIPT SIX	₆	8326	\x2086
SUBSCRIPT SEVEN	₇	8327	\x2087
SUBSCRIPT EIGHT	₈	8328	\x2088
SUBSCRIPT NINE	₉	8329	\x2089
SUBSCRIPT PLUS SIGN	₊	8330	\x208A
SUBSCRIPT MINUS	₋	8331	\x208B
SUBSCRIPT EQUALS SIGN	₌	8332	\x208C
SUBSCRIPT LEFT PARENTHESIS	₍	8333	\x208D
SUBSCRIPT RIGHT PARENTHESIS	₎	8334	\x208E
LATIN SUBSCRIPT SMALL LETTER A	ₐ	8336	\x2090
LATIN SUBSCRIPT SMALL LETTER E	ₑ	8337	\x2091
LATIN SUBSCRIPT SMALL LETTER O	ₒ	8338	\x2092
LATIN SUBSCRIPT SMALL LETTER I	ᵢ	7522	\x1D62
LATIN SUBSCRIPT SMALL LETTER R	ᵣ	7523	\x1D63
LATIN SUBSCRIPT SMALL LETTER U	ᵤ	7524	\x1D64
LATIN SUBSCRIPT SMALL LETTER V	ᵥ	7525	\x1D65
LATIN SUBSCRIPT SMALL LETTER X	ₓ	8339	\x2093
GREEK SUBSCRIPT SMALL LETTER BETA	ᵦ	7526	\x1D66
GREEK SUBSCRIPT SMALL LETTER GAMMA	ᵧ	7527	\x1D67
GREEK SUBSCRIPT SMALL LETTER RHO	ᵨ	7528	\x1D68
GREEK SUBSCRIPT SMALL LETTER PHI	ᵩ	7529	\x1D69
GREEK SUBSCRIPT SMALL LETTER CHI	ᵪ	7530	\x1D6A

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【3】数学符号字符：

字符名称	字符	Num Entity	Hex Entity
LESS THAN	<	60	\x3C
GREATER THAN	>	62	\x3E
LESS THAN OR EQUAL TO	≤	8804	\x2264
GREATER THAN OR EQUAL TO	≥	8805	\x2265
PLUS OR MINUS	±	177	\xB1
NOT EQUALS	≠	8800	\x2260
DIVISION SIGN	÷	247	\xF7
TIMES X	×	215	\x00D7
MINUS	−	8722	\x2212
DIVISION SLASH	∕	8725	\x2215
FRACTION SLASH	⁄	8260	\x2044
SQUARE ROOT RADICAL	√	8730	\x221A
CUBE ROOT	∛	8731	\x221B
FOURTH ROOT	∜	8732	\x221C
INFINITY	∞	8734	\x221E
ALEF INFINITY SYMBOL	ℵ	8501	\x2135
FUNCTION ITALIC F	ƒ	402	\x192
PRIME (single quote)	′	8242	\x2032
DOUBLE PRIME (double quote)	″	8243	\x2033
TRIPLE PRIME (triple quote)	‴	8244	\x2034
THEREFORE (Triangular Dots)	∴	8756	\x2234
DOT OPERATOR	⋅	8901	\x22C5
SUPERSCRIPT TWO	¹	185	\xB9
SUPERSCRIPT TWO	²	178	\xB2
SUPERSCRIPT THREE	³	179	\xB3
LEFT ANGLE BRACKET	〈	9001	\x2329
RIGHT ANGLE BRACKET	〉	9002	\x232A
LEFT CEILING BRACKET	⌈	8968	\x2308
RIGHT CEILING BRACKET	⌉	8969	\x2309
LEFT FLOOR BRACKET	⌊	8970	\x230A
RIGHT FLOOR BRACKET	⌋	8971	\x230B
CIRCLED PLUS (Direct Sum)	⊕	8853	\x2295
CIRCLED TIMES (Vector Product)	⊗	8855	\x2297

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【4】其他一些符号字符：

字符名称	字符	Num Entity	Hex Entity
VULGAR FRACTION 1/4	¼	188	\xBC
VULGAR FRACTION 1/2	½	189	\xBD
VULGAR FRACTION 3/4	¾	190	\xBE
VULGAR FRACTION 1/3	⅓	8531	\x2153
VULGAR FRACTION 2/3	⅔	8532	\x2154
VULGAR FRACTION 1/5	⅕	8533	\x2155
VULGAR FRACTION 2/5	⅖	8354	\x2156
VULGAR FRACTION 3/5	⅗	8535	\x2157
VULGAR FRACTION 4/5	⅘	8536	\x2158
VULGAR FRACTION 1/6	⅙	8537	\x2159
VULGAR FRACTION 5/6	⅚	8538	\x215A
VULGAR FRACTION 1/8	⅛	8539	\x215B
VULGAR FRACTION 3/8	⅜	8540	\x215C
VULGAR FRACTION 5/8	⅝	8541	\x215D
VULGAR FRACTION 7/8	⅞	8342	\x215E
LOWER CASE MU (Mean)	μ	956	\x3BC
LOWER CASE SIGMA (Standard Deviation)	σ	963	\x3C3
LOWER CASE CHI	χ	967	\x3C7
CAPITAL PI N-ARY PRODUCT	∏	8721	\x2211
N-ARY COPRODUCT (upside down capital pi)	∐	8720	\x2210
DEGREE SYMBOL	°	176	\xB0
MICRO MU SYMBOL	µ	181	\xB5
SINGLE PRIME (feet, degree minutes)	′	8242	\2032
DOUBLE PRIME (feet, degree minutes)	″	8242	\2032
PER MILLE (1/1000th)	‰	8240	\2030
INTEGRAL	∫	8747	\x222B
PARTIAL DIFFERENTIAL	∂	8706	\2202
INCREMENT (Difference or capital Delta)	Δ	8710	\x2206
NABLA (Backward Difference, Grad or upside down triangle)	∇	8711	\x2207
DOUBLE INTEGRAL	∬	8748	\x222C
TRIPLE INTEGRAL	∭	8749	\x222D
QUADRUPLE INTEGRAL	⨌	10764	\x2A0C
CONTOUR INTEGRAL	∮	8750	\x222E
SURFACE INTEGRAL	∯	8751	\x222F
VOLUME INTEGRAL	∰	8752	\x2230
CLOCKWISE INTEGRAL	∱	8753	\x2231
ANTICCLOCKWISE INTEGRAL	⨑	10769	\x2A11
CLOCKWISE CONTOUR INTEGRAL	∲	8754	\x2232
ANTICLOCKWISE CONTOUR INTEGRAL	∳	8755	\x2233
INFINITY (Sideways 8)	∞	8734	\x221E
ALEF INFINITY SYMBOL	ℵ	8501	\x2135
WEIERSTRASS POWER SET (Script Capital P)	℘	8472	\x2118
IMAGINARY NUMBER (Blackletter I)	ℑ	8242	\x2032
REAL NUMBER (Blackletter I)	ℜ	8242	\x2032
DOUBLE-STRUCK REAL NUMBER (Double R)	ℝ	8477	\x211D
COMPLEX NUMBERS (Double C)	ℂ	8450	\x2102
NATURAL NUMBERS (Double N)	ℕ	8469	\x2115
PRIME NUMBERS (Double P)	ℙ	8473	\x2119
RATIONAL NUMBERS (Double Q)	ℚ	8474	\x211A
INTEGERS (Double Z)	ℤ	8484	\x2124
FOR ALL (Upside-down A)	∀	8704	\x2200
COMPLEMENT (Thin C)	∁	8705	\x2201
THERE EXISTS (Backwards E)	∃	8707	\x2203
THERE DOES NOT EXIST (Backwards E with slash)	∄	8708	\x2204
EMPTY SET (O slash)	∅	8709	\x2205
NOT SYMBOL (Corner)	¬	172	\xAC
TILDE (Alternate Not Symbol)	˜	–	–
LOGICAL AND (Wedge or Upside down V Symbol)	∧	8743	\x2227
LOGICAL OR (V Symbol)	∨	8744	\x2228
XOR	⊻	8891	\x22BB
NAND	⊼	8892	\x22BC
NOR	⊽	8893	\x22BD
INTERSECTION (Cap or Upside Down U)	∩	8745	\x2229
UNION (Cup or U Symbol)	∪	8746	\x222A
ELEMENT OF	∈	8712	\x2208
NOT AN ELEMENT OF	∉	8713	\x2209
SMALL ELEMENT OF	∊	8714	\x220A
CONTAINS AS MEMBER	∋	8715	\x220B
DOES NOT CONTAIN AS MEMBER	∌	8716	\x220C
SMALL CONTAINS AS MEMBER	∍	8717	\x220D
SET MINUS	∖	8726	\x2216
SUBSET OF (Sideways U with cap to left)	⊂	8834	\x2282
SUPERSET OF (Sideways U with cap to right)	⊃	8835	\x2283
NOT A SUBSET OF (Subset with Slash)	⊄	8836	\x2284
NOT A SUPERSET OF (Superset with slash)	⊅	8837	\x2285
SUBSET OF OR EQUAL TO (Subset with line below)	⊆	8838	\x2286
SUPERSET OF OR EQUAL TO (Superset with line below)	⊇	8839	\x2287
NEITHER A SUBSET OF NOR EQUAL TO	⊈	8840	\x2288
NEITHER A SUPERSET OF NOR EQUAL TO	⊉	8841	\x2289
SUBSET OF WITH NOT EQUAL TO	⊊	8842	\x228A
SUPERSET OF WITH NOT EQUAL TO	⊋	8843	\x228B
DIAMOND OPERATOR	⋄	8900	\x22C4
ASYMPTOTICALLY EQUAL TO	≃	8771	\x2243
NOT ASYMPTOTICALLY EQUAL TO	≄	8772	\x2244
MULTISET (U with arrow)	⊌	8844	\x228C
MULTISET MULTIPLICATION (U with dot in center)	⊍	8845	\x228D
MULTISET UNION (U with plus in center)	⊎	8846	\x228E
DOUBLE SUBSET	⋐	8912	\x22D0
DOUBLE SUPERSET	⋑	8913	\x22D1
DOUBLE INTERSECTION	⋒	8914	\x22D2
DOUBLE UNION	⋓	8915	\x22D3
N-ARY LOGICAL AND	⋀	8896	\x22C0
N-ARY LOGICAL OR	⋁	8897	\x22C1
N-ARY INTERSECTION&cu	⋂	8898	\x22C2
N-ARY UNION	⋃	8899	\x22C3
CURLY LOGICAL OR	⋎	8910	\x22CE
CURLY LOGICAL AND	⋏	8911	\x22CF
CIRCLED PLUS (Direct Sum)	⊕	8853	\x2295
CIRCLED TIMES (Vector Product)	⊗	8855	\x2297
CIRCLED MINUS	⊖	8854	\x2296
CIRCLED DIVISION SLASH	⊘	8856	\x2298
ELEMENT OF WITH LONG HORIZONTAL STROKE	⋲	8946	\x22F2
ELEMENT OF WITH VERTICAL BAR AT END OF HORIZONTAL STROKE	⋳	8947	\x22F3
SMALL ELEMENT OF WITH VERTICAL BAR AT END OF HORIZONTAL STROKE	⋴	8948	\x22F4
ELEMENT OF WITH DOT ABOVE	⋵	8949	\x22F5
ELEMENT OF WITH OVERBAR	⋶	8950	\x22F6
SMALL ELEMENT OF WITH OVERBAR	⋷	8951	\x22F7
ELEMENT OF WITH UNDERBAR	⋸	8952	\x22F8
ELEMENT OF WITH TWO HORIZONTAL STROKES	⋹	8953	\x22F9
CONTAINS WITH LONG HORIZONTAL STROKE	⋺	8954	\x22FA
CONTAINS WITH VERTICAL BAR AT END OF HORIZONTAL STROKE	⋻	8955	\x22FB
SMALL CONTAINS WITH VERTICAL BAR AT END OF HORIZONTAL STROKE	⋼	8956	\x22FC
CONTAINS WITH OVERBAR	⋽	8957	\x22FD
SMALL CONTAINS WITH OVERBAR	⋾	8958	\x22FE
NOTATION BAG MEMBERSHIP	⋿	8959	\x22FF
Character Name	Character	Num	Hex
RIGHT ANGLE	∟	8735	\x221F
ANGLE	∠	8736	\x2220
MEASURED ANGLE	∡	8737	\x2221
SPHERICAL ANGLE	∢	8738	\x2222
DIVIDES	∣	8739	\x2223
DOES NOT DIVIDE	∤	8740	\x2224
PARALLEL TO	∥	8741	\x2225
NOT PARALLEL TO	∦	8742	\x2226
RIGHT ANGLE WITH ARC	⊾	8894	\x22BE
RIGHT TRIANGLE	⊿	8895	\x22BF
UP TACK (Perpendicular)	⊥	8869	\x22A5
RIGHT TACK	⊢	8866	\x22A2
LEFT TACK	⊣	8867	\x22A3
DOWN TACK	⊤	8868	\x22A4
THEREFORE (Triangular Dots)	∴	8756	\x2234
BECAUSE (Upside down Triangular Dots)	∵	8757	\x2235
PROPORTIONAL TO	∝	8733	\x221D
END OF PROOF (solid rectangle)	∎	8718	\x220E
NOT EQUALS	≠	8800	\x2260
APPROXIMATELY EQUAL	≅	8773	\x2245
ALMOST EQUAL (ASYMPTOTIC)	≈	8776	\x2248
NOT ALMOST EQUAL TO	≉	8777	\x2249
TILDE SIMILAR TO	∼	8764	\x223C
IDENTICAL TO (three lines)	≡	8801	\x2261
NOT IDENTICAL TO	≢	8802	\x2262
STRICTLY EQUIVALENT TO	≣	8803	\x2263
NOT IDENTICAL TO	≢	8802	\x2262
LESS-THAN OVER EQUAL TO	≦	8806	\x2266
GREATER-THAN OVER EQUAL TO	≧	8807	\x2267
LESS-THAN BUT NOT EQUAL TO	≨	8808	\x2268
GREATER-THAN BUT NOT EQUAL TO	≩	8809	\x2269
MUCH LESS-THAN	≪	8810	\x226A
MUCH GREATER-THAN	≫	8811	\x226B
BETWEEN	≬	8812	\x226C
NOT EQUIVALENT TO	≭	8813	\x226D
NOT LESS-THAN	≮	8814	\x226E
NOT GREATER-THAN	≯	8815	\x226F
NEITHER LESS-THAN NOR EQUAL TO	≰	8816	\x2270
NEITHER GREATER-THAN NOR EQUAL TO	≱	8817	\x2271
LESS-THAN OR EQUIVALENT TO	≲	8818	\x2272
GREATER-THAN OR EQUIVALENT TO	≳	8819	\x2273
NEITHER LESS-THAN NOR EQUIVALENT TO	≴	8820	\x2274
NEITHER GREATER-THAN NOR EQUIVALENT TO	≵	8821	\x2275
LESS-THAN OR GREATER-THAN	≶	8822	\x2276
GREATER-THAN OR LESS-THAN	≷	8823	\x2277
NEITHER LESS-THAN NOR GREATERTHAN	≸	8824	\x2278
NEITHER GREATER-THAN NOR LESSTHAN	≹	8825	\x2279
NOT TILDE	≁	8769	\x2241
MINUS TILDE	≂	8770	\x2242
ASYMPTOTICALLY EQUAL TO	≃	8771	\x2243
NOT ASYMPTOTICALLY EQUAL TO	≄	8772	\x2244
APPROXIMATELY BUT NOT ACTUALLY EQUAL TO	≆	8774	\x2246
NEITHER APPROXIMATELY NOR ACTUALLY EQUAL TO	≇	8775	\x2247
NOT ALMOST EQUAL TO	≉	8777	\x2249
ALMOST EQUAL OR EQUAL TO	≊	8778	\x224A
TRIPLE TILDE	≋	8779	\x224B
ALL EQUAL TO	≌	8780	\x224C

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三、导出PDF字符错位

        使用上述Unicode转义字符方式实现了写入上下角标，但在将Excel转换为PDF时，在Windows10系统下转换后显示正常，在Windows7系统下发现下角标错位，跑到了其他单元格上方，经过一番检查发现，win7系统下字体比win10系统多了一种BaTang字体，而win7系统将转义字符识别为了这种字体导致导出PDF后字符错位，解决方法为将要写入上下角标的单元格字体格式统一设置为Arial Unicode MS字体，这样导出PDF后字符是正常的。