【c++ dynamic_pointer_cast注意事项】

@c++ dynamic_pointer_cast注意事项

基于Base,Derived这两个具有继承关系的类来写

1.类的代码

class Base {
 public:
  virtual void CallMe() { std::cout << "Call **Base**" << std::endl; }
};

class Derived : public Base {
 public:
  virtual void CallMe() { std::cout << "Call **Derived**" << std::endl; }
};

2.回调函数代码

void CallBack(std::function<int(std::vector<std::shared_ptr<Base>>)> cb) {
  
  std::vector<std::shared_ptr<Base>> base_vec;
  base_vec.resize(5);
  for(size_t i = 0; i < base_vec.size();i++){
    std::shared_ptr<Base> base_1 = std::make_shared<Derived>();
    base_vec[i] = base_1;
  }
  int ret = cb(base_vec);
  std::cout << "cb value = " << ret << std::endl;
}

3.主函数代码

int main() {
  //3.1隐式转换
  std::shared_ptr<Base> base = std::make_shared<Derived>();
  base->CallMe();
  //3.2lamba表达式传递回调函数
  auto lamba = [](std::vector<std::shared_ptr<Base>> base_input) -> int {
    for (auto& once_base_inpute : base_input) {
      auto derived_input = std::dynamic_pointer_cast<Derived>(once_base_inpute);
      if (derived_input) {
        std::cout << "convert success" << std::endl;
        derived_input->CallMe();
      } else {
        std::cout << "convert failed" << std::endl;
      }
      once_base_inpute->CallMe();
    }
    return 1;
  };
CallBack(lamba);

3.主函数代码结果

Call **Derived**
convert SUCCESS
Call **Derived**
Call **Derived**
convert SUCCESS
Call **Derived**
Call **Derived**
convert SUCCESS
Call **Derived**
Call **Derived**
convert SUCCESS
Call **Derived**
Call **Derived**
convert SUCCESS
Call **Derived**
Call **Derived**
cb value = 1

4.主函数代码分析

1. 定义了一个基类的智能指针指向派生类，调用CallMe()显然会调用派生类的接口
2. lamba表达式的输入参数是一个包含Base类的智能指针的vector，但是这个智能指针指向Base还是Derived需要回调函数确定
3. 此处的Callback回调函数传递的是指向Derived的Base指针，因此dynamic_pointer_cast转型成功,如果修改成指向Base的Base指针则转型失败

5.总结

dynamic_pointer_cast<(x)>(y)转型的对象y必须是指向x的指针