Android开源库基础——OkHttp

OkHttp是什么？

OkHttp是Square旗下的开源框架，用于简化Android的网络编程

推荐前提阅读：Android基础——网络编程

OkHttp使用

添加依赖

implementation 'com.squareup.okhttp3:okhttp:4.9.0'

修改activity_main.xml：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools"
    android:layout_width="match_parent"
    android:layout_height="match_parent"
    android:orientation="vertical"
    tools:context=".MainActivity">

    <Button
        android:id="@+id/send_request"
        android:layout_width="match_parent"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:text="send_request" />

    <ScrollView
        android:layout_width="match_parent"
        android:layout_height="match_parent">

        <TextView
            android:id="@+id/response_text"
            android:layout_width="match_parent"
            android:layout_height="wrap_content" />
    </ScrollView>

</LinearLayout>

修改MainAcitivity：

• 创建OkHttpClient实例
• 创建Request实例添加相关参数（网址、响应时间）
• 将Request传入OkHttpClient的newCall()方法中，并调用execute()方法，返回的Response就是服务器的数据
• 调用Response的body()和string()方法获取字符串

public class MainActivity extends AppCompatActivity {

    private TextView responseText;

    @Override
    protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
        responseText = findViewById(R.id.response_text);
        Button sendRequest = findViewById(R.id.send_request);
        sendRequest.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() {
            @Override
            public void onClick(View v) {
                sendRequestWithOkHttp();
            }
        });
    }

    private void sendRequestWithOkHttp() {
        new Thread(new Runnable() {
            @Override
            public void run() {
                try {
                    OkHttpClient client = new OkHttpClient();
                    Request request = new Request.Builder()
                            .url("https://www.baidu.com")
                            .build();
                    Response response = client.newCall(request).execute();
                    String responseData = response.body().string();
                    showResponse(responseData);
                } catch (Exception e) {
                    e.printStackTrace();
                }
            }
        }).start();
    }

    private void showResponse(final String toString) {
        runOnUiThread(new Runnable() {
            @Override
            public void run() {
                responseText.setText(toString);
            }
        });
    }
}

如果要调用post()方法，需创建RequestBody对象并传入到Request的post()方法：

RequestBody requestBody=new FormBody.Builder()
                            .add("username","admin")
                            .add("password","123456")
                            .build();
                    
                    Request request = new Request.Builder()
                            .url("https://www.baidu.com")
                            .post(requestBody)
                            .build();

OkHttp最佳用法

新建OkHttpUtil包装OkHttp，通过enqueue()方法传入okhttp3.Callback，通过回调处理返回结果：

public class OkHttpUtil {
    public static void sendOkHttpRequest(String address, okhttp3.Callback callback) {
        OkHttpClient client = new OkHttpClient();
        Request request=new Request.Builder()
                .url(address)
                .build();
        client.newCall(request).enqueue(callback);
    }
}

使用时通过onResponse()方法处理请求成功后的返回数据，onFailure()方法处理失败的情况：

OkHttpUtil.sendOkHttpRequest("https://www.baidu.com", new okhttp3.Callback() {
            @Override
            public void onFailure(@NotNull Call call, @NotNull IOException e) {

            }

            @Override
            public void onResponse(@NotNull Call call, @NotNull Response response) throws IOException {
                String responseData = response.body().string();
            }
        });