定语从句
含义
一个句子作定语,修饰限定名称。
写法
先行词+关系词+陈述句
关系词、引导词:作成分。
which, that, who whom, that, whose, when, where, why
位置
放在名称,起到修饰,限定
分类
限定定语从句和非限定定语从句
先行词的范围是否明确,
逗号
非限定性定语从句,不是限定的功能,可以省略。
关系词引导(先行词在从句中做什么成分,选用对应的关系词)
关系词:主句有所指,从句作成分,本事无意义。除了不能作从句里面的谓语,
关系代词
关系代词所代替的先行词是人或物的名词或代词,并在句中充当主语、宾语、定语等成分。关系代词在定语从句中作主语时,从句谓语动词的人称和数要和先行词保持一致。
2)Whose
用来指人或物,(只用作定语, 若指物,它还可以同of which互换),例如:
They rushed over to help the man whose car had broken down. 那人车坏了,大家都跑过去帮忙。
Please pass me the book whose (of which) cover is green. 请递给我那本绿皮的书。
关系副词
关系副词可代替的先行词是时间、地点或理由的名词,在从句中作状语。
when 时间 时间状语
I will never forget the day when we met there. (可用on which)
where 地点 地点状语
This is the house where I was born. (可用in which)
why 原因 原因状语
I can’t imagine the reason why he turned down my offer. (可用for which)
1)when, where, why
关系副词when, where, why的含义相当于"介词+ which"结构,因此常常和"介词+ which"结构交替使用,例如:
There are occasions when (on which) one must yield. 任何人都有不得不屈服的时候。
Beijing is the place where (in which) I was born. 北京是我的出生地。
Is this the reason why (for which) he refused our offer? 这就是他拒绝我们帮助他的理由吗?
The reason why I like eat is that xxx.
why ==for which