数据结构（二）查找、排序、二叉树遍历

一、查找

二分查找

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二、排序

冒泡排序

def bubbleSort(array):
    for i in range(len(array)):
        for j in range(len(array) - i - 1):
            if array[j] > array[j+1]:
                array[j], array[j+1] = array[j+1], array[j]

快排

def quickSort(array):
    l, r = 0, len(array) - 1
    if l < r:
        mid = partition(array, l, r)
        quickSort(array[:mid])
        quickSort(array[mid+1:])
def partition(array, l, r):
    i = l - 1
    x = array[r]
    for j in range(l, r):
        if array[j] >= x:
            i += 1
            array[i], array[j] = array[j], array[i]
    array[i+1], array[r] = array[r], array[i+1]
    return i+1

归并排序

def mergeSort(array, l, r):
    if l >= r:
        return array
    mid = (l + r) >> 1
    left = mergeSort(array, l, mid)
    right = mergeSort(array, mid, right)
    return merge(left, right)
def merge(a1, a2):
    m, n = len(a1), len(a2)
    i = j = 0
    a = []
    while i < m and j < n:
        if a1[i] <= a2[j]:
            a.append(a1[i])
            i += 1
        else:
            a.append(a2[j])
            j += 1
    while i < m:
            a.append(a1[i])
            i += 1
    while j < n:
            a.append(a2[j])
            j += 1
    return a

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三、二叉树遍历

无敌简单递归版本

def preOrder(root):
    if root:
        print(root.val)
        self.preOrder(root.left)
        self.preOrder(root.right)

def inOrder(root):
    if root:
        self.inOrder(root.left)
        print(root.val)
        self.inOrder(root.right)

def postOrder(root):
    if root:
        self.postOrder(root.left)
        self.postOrder(root.right)
        print(root.val)

有点难度循环版本

def preOrder(root):
    if root == None:
        return []
    res = []
    node = root
    stack = []
    while stack or node:
        while node:
            res.append(node.val)
            stack.append(node)
            node = node.left
        if stack:
            node = stack.pop()
            node = node.right
    return res

def inOrder(root):
    if root == None:
        return []
    stack = []
    node = root
    while stack or node:
        while node:
            stack.append(node)
            node = node.left
        if stack:
            node = stack.pop()
            res.append(node.val)
            node = node.right
    return res

def postOrder(root):
    if root == None:
        return res
    stack = []
    node = root
    pre = None
    while stack or node:
        while node:
            stack.append(node)
            node = node.left
        node = stack[-1]
        if node.right != pre:
            node = node.right
        else:
            node = stack.pop()
            res.append(node.val)
            pre = node
            node = None