Linux进程通信之shared memory（共享内存）

共享内存的示意框图：

先写一个ser_shm.c:

#include"myutili.h"

int main()
{
    int shm_key = Ftok("myshm",0xff);
    //第二个参数（创建共享内存的大小）
    int shm_id = shmget(shm_key, 1024*1024, IPC_CREAT|IPC_EXCL|0755);
    if(shm_id == -1)
    {
        perror("shmget.");
        exit(1);
    }
    char *address = (char*)shmat(shm_id, NULL, 0);
    if((void*)address == (void*)-1)
    {
        perror("shmat.");
        shmctl(shm_id, IPC_RMID, 0);
        exit(1);
    }
    key_t sem_key = Ftok("mysem", 0xff);
    int sem_id = semget(sem_key, 2, IPC_CREAT|IPC_EXCL|0755);
    union semun info;
    info.val = 0;
    semctl(sem_id,0, SETALL, info);
    struct sembuf p ={0, -1, 0}, v = {1, 1,0};
    while(1)
    {
        printf("Ser: >");
        scanf("%s", address);
        semop(sem_id, &v, 1);
        semop(sem_id, &p, 1);
        printf("Cli: >%s\n ",address);
    }
    shmdt(address);
    shmctl(shm_id, IPC_RMID, 0);
    shmctl(sem_id, 0, IPC_RMID);
    return 0;
}

写一个cli_shm.c：

#include"myutili.h"

int main()
{
    int shm_key = Ftok("myshm",0xff);
    int shm_id = shmget(shm_key, 0, 0);
    if(shm_id == -1)
    {
        perror("shmget.");
        exit(1);
    }
    char *address = (char*)shmat(shm_id, NULL, 0);//NULL连接的地址由系统自动分配
    if((void*)address == (void*)-1)
    {
        perror("shmat.");
        exit(1);
    }
    key_t sem_key = Ftok("mysem",0xff);
    int sem_id = Semget(sem_key, 0, 0);
    struct sembuf p = {1, -1, 0}, v = {0, 1, 0};
    while(1)
    {
        semop(sem_id, &p, 1);
        printf("Ser: >%s\n",address);
        printf("Cli: >");
        scanf("%s", address);
        semop(sem_id, &v, 1);
    }
    shmdt(address);
    return 0;
}

用两个信号量以及p、v操作来同步服务器和客户端的共享内存示意图：

运行的检验：

运行的结果

用共享内存加信号量的方式简单实现的一种客户端和服务器端的对象。