partial specialization，模板偏特化

---

一、模板偏特化——个数的偏

1、概念说明
一个类模板它有两个以上的模板参数列表，我们写一个版本指定它某个参数为一个特定的类型，其余参数保持泛型。
2、示例代码

	template<typename T1, typename T2>
    class testPartialSpecialization
    {
    public:
        testPartialSpecialization() : t1(T1()), t2(T2())  { cout << "template<typename T1, typename T2>\n"; }
        T1 get_t1() const { return t1; }
        T2 get_t2() const { return  t2; }
    private:
        T1 t1;
        T2 t2;
    };

    template<typename T>
    class testPartialSpecialization<int, T>
    {
    public:
        testPartialSpecialization() : t1(int()), t2(T()) { cout << "template<typename T>\n"; }
        int get_t1() const { return t1; }
        T get_t2() const { return  t2; }
    private:
        int t1;
        T t2;
    };

    void test_partial_specialization()
    {
        testPartialSpecialization<int, int> a; //template<typename T>
        testPartialSpecialization<int, double> b; //template<typename T>
        testPartialSpecialization<char, double> c; //template<typename T1, typename T2>
    }

二、模板偏特化——范围的偏

1、概念说明
一个类模板它有一个模板参数T，他能接受所有类型， 我们写出一个只接收指针类型的类模板。这就是模板偏特化的范围的偏。
2、示例代码

	template<typename T>
    class testPartialSpecialization
    {
    public:
        testPartialSpecialization() { cout << "class testPartialSpecialization\n"; }
        T get_t1() const { return m_t; }
    private:
        T m_t;
    };

    template<typename T>
    class testPartialSpecialization<T*>
    {
    public:
        testPartialSpecialization() { cout << "class testPartialSpecialization<T*>\n"; }
        T get_t1() const { return m_t; }
    private:
        T m_t;
    };


    void test_partial_specialization()
    {
        testPartialSpecialization<double> a; //class testPartialSpecialization
        testPartialSpecialization<int*> b; //class testPartialSpecialization<T*>
    }