struts2拦截器

1.使用拦截器的顺序

1.确保引入xwork-core-2.3.24.1.jar
2.定义拦截器，自己创建的.java文件
3.注册拦截器和引用拦截器,在struts.xml中

2.默认拦截器栈

*.在没有自定义拦截器时，默认拦截自动拦截，无需手动显示的引用

<interceptor-stack name="defaultStack">

<interceptor-ref name="exception"/>

<interceptor-ref name="alias"/>

<interceptor-ref name="servletConfig"/>

<interceptor-ref name="prepare"/>

<interceptor-ref name="i18n"/>

<interceptor-ref name="chain"/>

<interceptor-ref name="debugging"/>

<interceptor-ref name="profiling"/>

<interceptor-ref name="scopedModelDriven"/>

<interceptor-ref name="modelDriven"/>

<interceptor-ref name="fileUpload"/>

<interceptor-ref name="checkbox"/>

<interceptor-ref name="staticParams"/>

<interceptor-ref name="params">

<param name="excludeParams">dojo\..*</param>

</interceptor-ref>

<interceptor-ref name="conversionError"/>

<interceptor-ref name="validation">
<param name="excludeMethods">input,back,cancel,browse</param>
</interceptor-ref>

<interceptor-ref name="workflow">
<param name="excludeMethods">input,back,cancel,browse</param>
</interceptor-ref>

</interceptor-stack>

*.若有自定义拦截器，需要手动添加，否则会出错
·以上传为例

<action name="upload" class="com.action.UploadAction">
    <interceptor-ref name="fileUpload">
        <param name="allowedTypes">text/plain,image/jpeg</param>
        <param name="maximumSize">1048576</param>
    </interceptor-ref>
    <interceptor-ref name="defaultStack"></interceptor-ref>
        <param name="savePath">/upload</param>
        <result>success.jsp</result>
        <result name="input">uploadWithInterceptor.jsp</result>
</action>

3.自定义拦截器栈

1.定义拦截器MyInterceptor1.java 实现 Interceptor 接口

package com.interceptor;

import com.opensymphony.xwork2.ActionInvocation;
import com.opensymphony.xwork2.interceptor.Interceptor;

//定义拦截器

public class MyInterceptor1 implements Interceptor {

    private String interceptorName;

    public String getInterceptorName() {
        return interceptorName;
    }

    public void setInterceptorName(String interceptorName) {
        this.interceptorName = interceptorName;
    }

    public void destroy() {
        System.out.println("MyInterceptor1 destroy");
    }

    public void init() {
        System.out.println("MyInterceptor1 init");
    }

    public String intercept(ActionInvocation invocation) throws Exception {
        System.out.println("Interceptor name: " + getInterceptorName());
        System.out.println("before " + interceptorName + " intercept");
        String result = invocation.invoke();
        System.out.println("after " + interceptorName + " intercept");
        return result;
    }
}

2.自定义拦截器MyInterceptor2继承AbstractInterceptor类
复写：intercept(ActionInvocation invocation)方法

package com.interceptor;

import com.opensymphony.xwork2.ActionInvocation;
import com.opensymphony.xwork2.interceptor.AbstractInterceptor;

public class MyInterceptor2 extends AbstractInterceptor {

    private String interceptorName;

    public String getInterceptorName() {
        return interceptorName;
    }

    public void setInterceptorName(String interceptorName) {
        this.interceptorName = interceptorName;
    }

    @Override
    public String intercept(ActionInvocation invocation) throws Exception {
        System.out.println("Interceptor name: " + interceptorName);
        System.out.println("before " + interceptorName +" intercept");
        String result = invocation.invoke();
        System.out.println("after " + interceptorName + " intercept");
        return result;
    }

}

3.方法过滤拦截器MyMethodInterceptor 继承MethodFilterInterceptor类
复写：doIntercept(ActionInvocation invocation)方法

package com.interceptor;

import com.opensymphony.xwork2.ActionInvocation;
import com.opensymphony.xwork2.interceptor.MethodFilterInterceptor;

public class MyMethodInterceptor extends MethodFilterInterceptor {

    private String interceptorName;

    public String getInterceptorName() {
        return interceptorName;
    }

    public void setInterceptorName(String interceptorName) {
        this.interceptorName = interceptorName;
    }

    @Override
    protected String doIntercept(ActionInvocation invocation) throws Exception {
        System.out.println("Interceptor name: " + getInterceptorName());
        System.out.println("before " + getInterceptorName() + " intercept");
        String result = invocation.invoke();
        System.out.println("after " + getInterceptorName() + " intercept");
        return result;
    }

}

4.注册拦截器和直接引用

在struts.xml文件中配置
* 拦截器一般用法

<package name="struts2" extends="struts-default">
    <!--所有拦截器需在<interceptors>标签中配置-->
        <!-- 注册拦截器 -->
    <interceptors>

        <interceptor name="myInterceptor1" class="com.interceptor.MyInterceptor1">
            <param name="interceptorName">myInterceptor1</param>
        </interceptor>

        <interceptor name="myInterceptor2" class="com.interceptor.MyInterceptor2">
            <param name="interceptorName">myInterceptor2</param>
        </interceptor>

        <interceptor name="MyMethodInterceptor" class="com.interceptor.MyMethodInterceptor">
            <param name="interceptorName">MyMethodInterceptor</param>
            <param name="excludeMethods">register</param>
        </interceptor>

        <!-- 引用拦截器 -->
        <action name="login" class="com.interceptor.LoginAction" method="login">
            <interceptor-ref name="myInterceptor1"></interceptor-ref>
            <interceptor-ref name="myInterceptor2"></interceptor-ref>
            <interceptor-ref name="MyMethodInterceptor"></interceptor-ref>
            <!-- 不加默认会出错 -->
            <interceptor-ref name="defaultStack"></interceptor-ref>
            <result>main.jsp</result>
            <result name="input">login.jsp</result>
        </action>               
    </package>

*配置拦截器栈

<interceptors>
    <!--(小编省略了刚刚注册的拦截器)，引用的话要复制进来-->
    <interceptor-stack name="myInterceptorStack">
        <interceptor-ref name="myInterceptor"></interceptor-ref>
        <interceptor-ref name="myInterceptor2"></interceptor-ref>
        <interceptor-ref name="MyMethodInterceptor"></interceptor-ref>
        <interceptor-ref name="defaultStack"></interceptor-ref>
    </interceptor-stack>
</interceptors>

        <!-- 引用拦截器 -->
        <action name="login" class="com.interceptor.LoginAction" method="login">
            <!--这里只要写这个拦截器栈名就可以了-->
            <interceptor-ref name="myInterceptorStack"></interceptor-ref>
            <result>main.jsp</result>
            <result name="input">login.jsp</result>
        </action>               
    </package>

*默认拦截器
一般默认拦截器都是我们配置好的拦截器栈，这样既满足我们的需求，也可以简化我们的代码
将我们上述的拦截器栈设为默认，因此我们就不必再action里配置拦截器，代码简洁很多了

 <!-- 配置默认拦截器-->
<default-interceptor-ref name="myInterceptorStack"></default-interceptor-ref>

 <!-- 默认拦截器，无需手动引用 -->
        <action name="login" class="com.interceptor.LoginAction" method="login">
            <result>main.jsp</result>
            <result name="input">login.jsp</result>
        </action>