JVM 还支持哪些语言

语言无关性正在越来越被开发者所重视。

到目前为止,或许大部分程序员都还认为Java虚拟机执行Java程序是一件理所当然和天经地义的事情。但是在java发展之初,设计者就曾经考虑过并实现了让其它语言运行在Java虚拟机之上的可能性。并且在1997年发布的第一版Java虚拟机规范中就i曾经承诺锅(在未来,我们会对Java虚拟机进行适当的扩展,以便更好的支持其他语言运行于JVM之上),JDK1.7开始就是兑现了这个承诺

时至今日,商业机构和开源机构已经在Java语言之外发展出一大堆在Java虚拟机之上运行的语言,如Clojure、Groovy、JRuby、Jython、Scala等。
实现语言无关性的基础仍然是虚拟机和字节码存储格式。

Java虚拟机不和包括Java在内的任何语言绑定,它只与“Class文件”这种特定的二进制文件格式所关联,Class文件中包含了Java虚拟机指令集和符号表已经若干其他辅助信息。

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Introduction to JVM Languages English | 2017 | ISBN-10: 178712794X | 390 pages | PDF/MOBI/EPUB (conv) | 6.42 Mb Key Features This guide provides in-depth coverage of the Java Virtual Machine and its features The practical examples will help you understand the core concepts of Java, Scala, Kotlin, Clojure, and Groovy Work with various programming paradigms and gain knowledge about imperative, object oriented, and functional programming Book Description Anyone who knows software development knows about the Java Virtual Machine (JVM), it is responsible for interpreting Java byte code and translating it into actions. In the beginning, Java was the only programming language used for the JVM. However, increasing the complexity of the language and improving the performance of the JVM created an opening for a new generation of programming languages. If you want to build a strong foundation with the JVM and get started with popular modern programming languages, then this book is for you. It begins with a general introduction to JVM and the features common to the JVM languages, helping you keep abreast of its concepts. It then dives into explaining languages such as Java, Scala, Kotlin, Clojure, and Groovy. It shows you how to work with each language, plus their features, use cases, and the pros and cons. By writing example projects in those languages and focusing on each language's strong points, we will help you find the programming language that is most appropriate for your particular needs. By the end of the book, you will have written multiple programs that run on JVM and know about the differences between the various languages. What you will learn Gain practical information about JVM Understand the popular JVM languages and the Java Class Library Find out about various programming paradigms such as imperative, object oriented, and functional Work with common JVM tools such as Eclipse IDE, Gradle Explore frameworks such as SparkJava, Vert.x, Akka, and JavaFX Boost y

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