ssh免密

ssh免密服务：服务器A直接登录服务器B，实际是使用服务器A的公钥登录
机器A ：192.168.100.200
机器B： 192.168.100.110
操作步骤：
1、使用 ssh-keygen 命令生成服务器A的公钥

root@ubuntu:~# ssh-keygen
Generating public/private rsa key pair.
Enter file in which to save the key (/root/.ssh/id_rsa):  #直接回车
Created directory '/root/.ssh'.
Enter passphrase (empty for no passphrase):
Enter same passphrase again:
Your identification has been saved in /root/.ssh/id_rsa.
Your public key has been saved in /root/.ssh/id_rsa.pub.
The key fingerprint is:
SHA256:8xBy/pP6kNyDg8Jrn5xyigBevTH/C7odKbeHy//3ckg root@ubuntu
The key's randomart image is:
+---[RSA 2048]----+
|                 |
|                 |
|      . o        |
|    .  + .       |
|.  . +  S        |
|o ..  =o.O . E   |
|..  oo.*B B . .  |
| . .o+B+== o + . |
|  ..oB*===+.. +. |
+----[SHA256]-----+
root@ubuntu:~#

会生成 id_rsa 和 id_rsa.pub文件
root@ubuntu:~# ls -l .ssh/
total 8
-rw------- 1 root root 1679 Aug 18 17:53 id_rsa
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root  393 Aug 18 17:53 id_rsa.pub
root@ubuntu:~#

2、将生成的公钥文件拷贝到目标机器上

方放1：
使用 scp 直接拷贝到authorized_keys
root@ubuntu:~/.ssh# scp  id_rsa.pub  root@192.168.100.110:/root/.ssh/authorized_keys
root@192.168.100.110's password:
id_rsa.pub                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                 100%  393     0.4KB/s   00:00
root@ubuntu:~/.ssh#

方放2：
直接拷贝  id_rsa.pub 的信息到authorized_keys
root@ubuntu:~/.ssh# cat id_rsa.pub
ssh-rsa AAAAB3NzaC1yc2EAAAADAQABAAABAQC20hYecf02n1oHqDq1YjYRp0aRYr3nWBEh8JtbCmnbGck8utAh8/ntPklp/TVXTNixiByRb+SYGKOKRoYIuVDjqLFzHn0ZscqSdcOxSiDXalI+QbJjBEhFgMosGIvXUHRtvziHjnclRJP8anR1cfGsOisLI325aveJEnTs7miF08KNUjx8zvwL8MvWZ939zTQxRL+96tnBzqi5WMHWqZ71cWn7AEofWIjqcfybU/B8dIBwzNG+SPYsHftJLTW2PcAUZ4+QnYzrVGHhIfcxLbauWBDtBVYajtqm7Wp3IMMhZlIB7mXFTUHdSbGz9ZUaFMBNcBsy2xPyjYcEdezALeJv root@ubuntu
root@ubuntu:~/.ssh#

root@ubuntu:~/.ssh# cat authorized_keys
ssh-rsa AAAAB3NzaC1yc2EAAAADAQABAAABAQC20hYecf02n1oHqDq1YjYRp0aRYr3nWBEh8JtbCmnbGck8utAh8/ntPklp/TVXTNixiByRb+SYGKOKRoYIuVDjqLFzHn0ZscqSdcOxSiDXalI+QbJjBEhFgMosGIvXUHRtvziHjnclRJP8anR1cfGsOisLI325aveJEnTs7miF08KNUjx8zvwL8MvWZ939zTQxRL+96tnBzqi5WMHWqZ71cWn7AEofWIjqcfybU/B8dIBwzNG+SPYsHftJLTW2PcAUZ4+QnYzrVGHhIfcxLbauWBDtBVYajtqm7Wp3IMMhZlIB7mXFTUHdSbGz9ZUaFMBNcBsy2xPyjYcEdezALeJv root@ubuntu
root@ubuntu:~/.ssh#

3、使用 ssh 192.168.100.110