源码
GitHub:https://github.com/291685399/springcloud-learning/tree/master/springcloud-eureka02
eureka是什么?
eureka是Netflix公司开源的注册中心,用于管理生产者和消费者,能够对服务进行服务的自动注册、发现、状态监控
eureka的原理
Eureka:就是服务注册中心(可以是一个集群),提供者和消费者暴露地址
提供者:启动后向Eureka注册自己信息(地址,提供什么服务)
消费者:向Eureka订阅服务,Eureka会将对应服务的所有提供者地址列表发送给消费者,并且定期更新
心跳(续约):提供者定期通过http方式向Eureka刷新自己的状态
eureka的使用
- 新建一个父工程,命名为springcloud-eureka02
目录结构如下图:
pom.xml:
<parent>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId>
<version>2.0.4.RELEASE</version>
<relativePath/>
</parent>
<dependencies>
<!-- springboot -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-devtools</artifactId>
<scope>runtime</scope>
<optional>true</optional>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
<scope>test</scope>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
<build>
<plugins>
<plugin>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId>
</plugin>
</plugins>
</build>
- 新建模块,命名为eureka-server02
目录结构如下图:
pom.xml:
<parent>
<groupId>com.wyj</groupId>
<artifactId>springcloud-eureka02</artifactId>
<version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
</parent>
<properties>
<java.version>1.8</java.version>
<spring-cloud.version>Finchley.SR1</spring-cloud.version>
</properties>
<dependencies>
<!-- springcloud eureka server -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-netflix-eureka-server</artifactId>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
<dependencyManagement>
<dependencies>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-cloud-dependencies</artifactId>
<version>${spring-cloud.version}</version>
<type>pom</type>
<scope>import</scope>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
</dependencyManagement>
在启动器EurekaServerApplication上添加注解用于开启eureka server
@SpringBootApplication
@EnableEurekaServer
public class EurekaServerApplication {
public static void main(String[] args) {
SpringApplication.run(EurekaServerApplication.class, args);
}
}
在application.properties:
server.port=10000
spring.application.name:eureka-server
# 是否注册自己的信息到EurekaServer,默认是true
eureka.client.register-with-eureka=false
# 是否拉取其它服务的信息,默认是true
eureka.client.fetch-registry=false
# EurekaServer的地址,现在是自己的地址,如果是集群,需要加上其它Server的地址
eureka.client.service-url.defaultZone:http://127.0.0.1:${server.port}/eureka
- 新建模块,命名为eureka-provider02
目录结构如下图:
pom.xml:
<parent>
<groupId>com.wyj</groupId>
<artifactId>springcloud-eureka02</artifactId>
<version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
</parent>
<properties>
<java.version>1.8</java.version>
<spring-cloud.version>Finchley.SR1</spring-cloud.version>
</properties>
<dependencies>
<!-- springdatajpa -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-data-jpa</artifactId>
</dependency>
<!-- springboot -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
</dependency>
<!-- mysql -->
<dependency>
<groupId>mysql</groupId>
<artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
<scope>runtime</scope>
</dependency>
<!-- lombok -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.projectlombok</groupId>
<artifactId>lombok</artifactId>
<optional>true</optional>
</dependency>
<!-- springcloud eureka client -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-netflix-eureka-client</artifactId>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
<dependencyManagement>
<dependencies>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-cloud-dependencies</artifactId>
<version>${spring-cloud.version}</version>
<type>pom</type>
<scope>import</scope>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
</dependencyManagement>
在启动器EurekaProviderApplication上添加注解用于开启eureka client
@SpringBootApplication
@EnableDiscoveryClient
public class EurekaProviderApplication {
public static void main(String[] args) {
SpringApplication.run(EurekaProviderApplication.class, args);
}
}
ProviderController:
@Controller
public class ProviderController {
@Autowired
private UserService userService;
@RequestMapping(value = "/findById/{id}")
@ResponseBody
public User findById(@PathVariable int id) {
User user = userService.findById(id);
return user;
}
}
UserService:
public interface UserService {
public User findById(int id);
}
UserServiceImpl:
@Service
public class UserServiceImpl implements UserService {
@Autowired
private UserRepository userRepository;
@Override
public User findById(int id) {
Optional<User> userOptional = userRepository.findById(id);
User user = userOptional.get();
return user;
}
}
UserRepository:
public interface UserRepository extends JpaRepository<User, Integer> {
}
User:
@Entity
@Data
public class User implements Serializable {
@Id
@GeneratedValue
private int id;
private String name;
private String sex;
private int age;
private String address;
private String phone;
}
application.properties:
server.port=8081
### datasource ###
spring.datasource.url=jdbc:mysql://188.131.247.26:3306/springcloud-eureka01?serverTimezone=UTC&useUnicode=true&characterEncoding=utf-8&useSSL=true
spring.datasource.driver-class-name=com.mysql.jdbc.Driver
spring.datasource.username=root
spring.datasource.password=root
### springdatajpa ###
#打印出自动生产的SQL,方便调试的时候查看
spring.jpa.show-sql=true
#更新数据库表结构
spring.jpa.hibernate.ddl-auto= update
#对打印的sql进行格式化,方便查看
spring.jpa.properties.hibernate.format_sql=true
spring.jpa.properties.hibernate.use_sql_comments=true
#指定生成表名的存储引擎为InneoDB
spring.jpa.properties.hibernate.dialect=org.hibernate.dialect.MySQL5InnoDBDialect
# springcloud
spring.application.name=eureka-provider
# EurekaServer地址
eureka.client.service-url.defaultZone=http://127.0.0.1:10000/eureka
# 当调用getHostname获取实例的hostname时,返回ip而不是host名称
eureka.instance.prefer-ip-address=true
eureka.instance.ip-address=127.0.0.1
- 新建模块,命名为eureka-consumer02
目录结构如下图:
pom.xml:
<parent>
<groupId>com.wyj</groupId>
<artifactId>springcloud-eureka02</artifactId>
<version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
</parent>
<properties>
<java.version>1.8</java.version>
<spring-cloud.version>Finchley.SR1</spring-cloud.version>
</properties>
<dependencies>
<!-- springboot -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
</dependency>
<!-- lombok -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.projectlombok</groupId>
<artifactId>lombok</artifactId>
<optional>true</optional>
</dependency>
<!-- springcloud eureka client -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-netflix-eureka-client</artifactId>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
<dependencyManagement>
<dependencies>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-cloud-dependencies</artifactId>
<version>${spring-cloud.version}</version>
<type>pom</type>
<scope>import</scope>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
</dependencyManagement>
在启动器EurekaConsumerApplication上添加注解用于开启eureka client
@SpringBootApplication
@EnableDiscoveryClient
public class EurekaConsumerApplication {
public static void main(String[] args) {
SpringApplication.run(EurekaConsumerApplication.class, args);
}
}
ConsumerController:
@Controller
public class ConsumerController{
@Autowired
private RestTemplate restTemplate;
// Eureka客户端,可以获取到服务实例信息
@Autowired
private DiscoveryClient discoveryClient;
@RequestMapping(value = "/findById/{id}")
@ResponseBody
public User findById(@PathVariable int id) {
// 根据服务名称,获取服务实例
List<ServiceInstance> instances = discoveryClient.getInstances("eureka-provider");
// 因为只有一个UserService,因此我们直接get(0)获取
ServiceInstance instance = instances.get(0);
String baseUrl = "http://" + instance.getHost() + ":" + instance.getPort();
System.out.println("baseUrl=" + baseUrl);
User user = restTemplate.getForObject(baseUrl + "/findById/" + id, User.class);
return user;
}
}
RestConfig:
@Configuration
public class RestConfig {
@Bean
public RestTemplate restTemplate() {
return new RestTemplate();
}
}
User:
@Data
public class User implements Serializable {
private int id;
private String name;
private String sex;
private int age;
private String address;
private String phone;
}
application.properties:
server.port=8080
# springcloud
spring.application.name=eureka-consumer
# EurekaServer地址
eureka.client.service-url.defaultZone=http://127.0.0.1:10000/eureka
# 当调用getHostname获取实例的hostname时,返回ip而不是host名称
eureka.instance.prefer-ip-address=true
测试使用
分别启动eureka-server、eureka-provider02和eureka-consumer02
- 访问
浏览器访问http://127.0.0.1:8080/findById/1
- 访问eureka
http://127.0.0.1:10000/(我这里eureka服务的端口设置为10000,默认是为8761)
可以看到当前有eureka-consumer和eureka-provider两个实例
总结
有了eureka注册中心相比于纯粹使用RestTemplate没有注册中心而言
1、有了注册中心更加方便管理生产者和消费者,在注册中心页面可以查看到很多信息,比如实例信息,比如注册中心信息
2、有了注册中心可以动态的获取提供者实例的rest服务路径,然后使用RestTemplate调用生产者的rest服务
3、注册中心eureka还可以进行集群,提高数据的吞吐量