JPA双向一对多/多对一实体配置

双向一对多的建表

++需要注意：主键要使用JPA策略生成， 不然使用级联操作的时候回多出几条查询语句，增加应用和数据库交互的负担。++

t_category 为One的一方，t_fruit为多的一方

# 类型表
create table t_category
(
    id   varchar(64) not null
        primary key,
    name varchar(50) null
)
    charset = utf8;
    
    
# 水果表
create table t_fruit
(
    id          varchar(64) not null
        primary key,
    name        varchar(50) null,
    category_id varchar(64) null,
    constraint fk_t_fruit_id
        foreign key (category_id) references t_category (id)
)
    charset = utf8;

2、实体映射

Many的一方映射如下:

@Entity
@Table(name = "t_fruit")
@Setter
@Getter
@AllArgsConstructor
@NoArgsConstructor
public class Fruit {

    @Id
    @GeneratedValue(generator = "uid")
    @GenericGenerator(name = "uid", strategy = "uuid")
    private String id;

    private String name;

    @ManyToOne(fetch = FetchType.LAZY,cascade = CascadeType.PERSIST)
    // 双向一对多，外键必须配置为一样的值
    @JoinColumn(name = "category_id")
    private Category category;

    public Fruit(String id, String name){
        this.id = id;
        this.name = name;
    }
}

One的一方实体如下:

mappedBy: 参照many一方的外键管理来实现关系关联

@Entity
@Table(name = "t_category")
@Setter
@Getter
@AllArgsConstructor
@NoArgsConstructor
public class Category {

    @Id
    @GeneratedValue(generator = "uid")
    @GenericGenerator(name = "uid", strategy = "uuid")
    private String id;

    private String name;

    // 单向一对多: 一个水果类型对应多种水果
    @OneToMany(fetch = FetchType.LAZY, mappedBy = "category",cascade = {CascadeType.PERSIST, CascadeType.REMOVE})
    private List<Fruit> fruits = new ArrayList<>();

    public Category(String id, String name){
         this.id = id;
         this.name = name;
    }

3、实现级联保存

实现级联保存的前提条件:

a、必须两边都要建立关系

b、在映射上添加 cascade = CascadeType.PERSIST

 /**
     *
     *  实现级联保存条件：
     *  1、必须两边都建立关系
     *  2、关联上配置: cascade = CascadeType.PERSIST，mappedBy = "category"
     */
    @Test
    public void persistenceTest(){
        // one
        Category category = new Category();
        category.setName("fruit");
        // many
        Fruit fruit1 = new Fruit();
        fruit1.setName("西瓜");
        Fruit fruit2 = new Fruit();
        fruit2.setName("苹果");
        // relative
        category.getFruits().add(fruit1);
        category.getFruits().add(fruit2);
        fruit1.setCategory(category);
        fruit2.setCategory(category);
        // persistence
        categoryRepository.save(category);
    }

级联删除

在实体上配置映射cascade = {CascadeType.REMOVE})

/**
     *
     *  实现级联删除
     *  删除一方， 然后级联删除多方
     *
     */
    @Test
    public void persistenceDeleteTest(){
       Category category =  categoryRepository.getOne("40289f1f704e74ca01704e74dd910000");
       categoryRepository.delete(category);
    }