windows 10安装linux子系统

在windows 7时代，想要使用linux的话，就要安装一个虚拟机或者安装双系统，然后再安装自己喜欢的linux系统。后来windows 10中加入了linux子系统，想要体验linux就不用在安装虚拟机了，而且子系统可以替代大部分linux的功能。微软官方介绍：适用于Linux的windows子系统。

1、首先打开【Microsoft Store】应用商店，在搜索里面输入“Linux”，然后会出现好多个linux发行版，这里我选择Ubuntu；

2、安装完成此时并不能使用，还需要设置一下下，打开【windows 设置】，找到【应用】菜单；

3、打开【应用】菜单后，右边滑倒最下面找到【程序和功能】；

4、点击左侧的【启用或关闭windows功能】，在弹框中下拉找到【适用于Linux的Windows子系统】，勾选后，重启电脑；

5、默认的Ubuntu程序（软件）源是国外的，由于众所周知的原因，我们更新下载程序包会很慢、失败；那么就切换到国内的源，此处贴出几个国内的源；选取一个你喜欢的，保存在一个新建文档中，然后把文档名字保存为“sources.list”；如果你对vim很熟悉也可以不保存；

阿里云源：

### 阿里云源

deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ bionic main restricted universe multiverse
deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ bionic-security main restricted universe multiverse
deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ bionic-updates main restricted universe multiverse
deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ bionic-proposed main restricted universe multiverse
deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ bionic-backports main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ bionic main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ bionic-security main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ bionic-updates main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ bionic-proposed main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ bionic-backports main restricted universe multiverse

中科大源：

### 中科大源

deb https://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/ubuntu/ bionic main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src https://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/ubuntu/ bionic main restricted universe multiverse
deb https://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/ubuntu/ bionic-updates main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src https://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/ubuntu/ bionic-updates main restricted universe multiverse
deb https://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/ubuntu/ bionic-backports main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src https://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/ubuntu/ bionic-backports main restricted universe multiverse
deb https://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/ubuntu/ bionic-security main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src https://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/ubuntu/ bionic-security main restricted universe multiverse
deb https://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/ubuntu/ bionic-proposed main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src https://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/ubuntu/ bionic-proposed main restricted universe multiverse

清华源：

### 清华源
deb https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ bionic main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ bionic main restricted universe multiverse
deb https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ bionic-updates main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ bionic-updates main restricted universe multiverse
deb https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ bionic-backports main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ bionic-backports main restricted universe multiverse
deb https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ bionic-security main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ bionic-security main restricted universe multiverse
deb https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ bionic-proposed main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ bionic-proposed main restricted universe multiverse

网易源 ：

### 网易源
deb http://mirrors.163.com/ubuntu/ bionic main restricted universe multiverse
deb http://mirrors.163.com/ubuntu/ bionic-security main restricted universe multiverse
deb http://mirrors.163.com/ubuntu/ bionic-updates main restricted universe multiverse
deb http://mirrors.163.com/ubuntu/ bionic-proposed main restricted universe multiverse
deb http://mirrors.163.com/ubuntu/ bionic-backports main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src http://mirrors.163.com/ubuntu/ bionic main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src http://mirrors.163.com/ubuntu/ bionic-security main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src http://mirrors.163.com/ubuntu/ bionic-updates main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src http://mirrors.163.com/ubuntu/ bionic-proposed main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src http://mirrors.163.com/ubuntu/ bionic-backports main restricted universe multiverse

6、先备份一下原来的配置文件

sudo cp /etc/apt/sources.list /etc/apt/sources.list.back
 

7、如果你对vim很熟悉的话，可以使用vim编辑sources.list，然后把上面的源copy过来；我使用vim粘贴的时候总是失败（后话：找到原因了，以前在putty上使用都是shift + insert为粘贴，但是这个命令行的ubuntu和普通的windows命令行是一样的，直接使用鼠标右击就行，复制也是同理，选中要复制的数据，回车键复制），所以使用了第二种方式，先把这个文件删除，在把上面保存的文件copy过来。

删除掉/etc/apt/sources.list这个文件

rm -rf /etc/apt/sources.list
 

windows的盘符会挂载在/mnt目录下，通过这个方式把上面保存的文件copy过来

### mnt紧跟的是你保存的盘符，我这里是E盘下的（E:\文档\notepad++\sources.list）

sudo cp /mnt/e/文档/notepad++/sources.list sources.list
 

8、更新程序列表，这步相当于查询所有的最新程序版本

sudo apt-get update
 

9、更新所有的程序，这一步相当于使用360应用商店等应用一键更新所有的软件

sudo apt-get upgrade
 

特别感谢：https://blog.csdn.net/weixin_41884010/article/details/97898108