import tensorflow as tf
FLAGS=tf.app.flags.FLAGS
tf.app.flags.DEFINE_string('captcha_dir','./tfrecords/captcha.tfrecords','验证码数据的路径')
tf.app.flags.DEFINE_integer("batch_size", 100, "每批次训练的样本数")
tf.app.flags.DEFINE_integer("label_num", 4, "每个样本的目标值数量")
tf.app.flags.DEFINE_integer("letter_num", 26, "每个目标值取的字母的可能心个数")
# 定义一个初始化权重的函数
def weight_variables(shape):
w = tf.Variable(tf.random_normal(shape=shape, mean=0.0, stddev=1.0))
return w
# 定义一个初始化偏置的函数
def bias_variables(shape):
b = tf.Variable(tf.constant(0.0, shape=shape))
return b
def read_and_decode():
"""
读取验证码数据的API
:return: image_batch,label_batch
"""
#1.构建文件队列
file_queue=tf.train.string_input_producer([FLAGS.captcha_dir])
#2.构建阅读器,读取文件内容,默认一个样本
reader=tf.TFRecordReader()
#读取内容
key,value=reader.read(file_queue)
#tfrecords格式example,需要解析
features=tf.parse_single_example(value,features={
'image':tf.FixedLenFeature([],tf.string),
'label':tf.FixedLenFeature([],tf.string)
})
#解码内容,字符串内容
#1.先解析图片的特征量
image=tf.decode_raw(features['image'],tf.uint8)
#2.解析图片的目标值
label=tf.decode_raw(features['label'],tf.uint8)
print(image,label)
#改变形状
image_reshape=tf.reshape(image,[20,80,3])
label_reshape=tf.reshape(label,[4])
print(image_reshape, label_reshape)
# 进行批处理,每批次读取的样本数 100, 也就是每次训练时候的样本
image_batch, label_btach = tf.train.batch([image_reshape, label_reshape], batch_size=FLAGS.batch_size,
num_threads=1, capacity=FLAGS.batch_size)
print(image_batch, label_btach)
return image_batch, label_btach
def fc_model(image):
"""
进行预测结果
:param image: 100图片特征值[100, 20, 80, 3]
:return: y_predict预测值[100, 4 * 26]
"""
with tf.variable_scope("model"):
# 将图片数据形状转换成二维的形状
image_reshape = tf.reshape(image, [-1, 20 * 80 * 3])
# 1、随机初始化权重偏置
# matrix[100, 20 * 80 * 3] * [20 * 80 * 3, 4 * 26] + [104] = [100, 4 * 26]
weights = weight_variables([20 * 80 * 3, 4 * 26])
bias = bias_variables([4 * 26])
# 进行全连接层计算[100, 4 * 26]
y_predict = tf.matmul(tf.cast(image_reshape, tf.float32), weights) + bias
return y_predict
def predict_to_onehot(label):
"""
将读取文件当中的目标值转换成one-hot编码
:param label: [100, 4] [[13, 25, 15, 15], [19, 23, 20, 16]......]
:return: one-hot
"""
# 进行one_hot编码转换,提供给交叉熵损失计算,准确率计算[100, 4, 26]
label_onehot = tf.one_hot(label, depth=FLAGS.letter_num, on_value=1.0, axis=2)
print(label_onehot)
return label_onehot
def captcharec():
"""
验证码识别程序
:return:
"""
#1.读取验证码的数据文件
image_batch, label_batch = read_and_decode()
# 2、通过输入图片特征数据,建立模型,得出预测结果
# 一层,全连接神经网络进行预测
# matrix [100, 20 * 80 * 3] * [20 * 80 * 3, 4 * 26] + [104] = [100, 4 * 26]
y_predict = fc_model(image_batch)
# 3、先把目标值转换成one-hot编码 [100, 4, 26]
y_true = predict_to_onehot(label_batch)
# 4、softmax计算, 交叉熵损失计算
with tf.variable_scope("soft_cross"):
# 求平均交叉熵损失 ,y_true [100, 4, 26]--->[100, 4*26]
loss = tf.reduce_mean(tf.nn.softmax_cross_entropy_with_logits(
labels=tf.reshape(y_true, [FLAGS.batch_size, FLAGS.label_num * FLAGS.letter_num]),
logits=y_predict))
# 5、梯度下降优化损失
with tf.variable_scope("optimizer"):
train_op = tf.train.GradientDescentOptimizer(0.01).minimize(loss)
# 6、求出样本的每批次预测的准确率是多少 三维比较
with tf.variable_scope("acc"):
# 比较每个预测值和目标值是否位置(4)一样 y_predict [100, 4 * 26]---->[100, 4, 26]
equal_list = tf.equal(tf.argmax(y_true, 2),
tf.argmax(tf.reshape(y_predict, [FLAGS.batch_size, FLAGS.label_num, FLAGS.letter_num]),
2))
# equal_list 100个样本 [1, 0, 1, 0, 1, 1,..........]
accuracy = tf.reduce_mean(tf.cast(equal_list, tf.float32))
# 定义一个初始化变量的op
init_op = tf.global_variables_initializer()
# 开启会话训练
with tf.Session() as sess:
sess.run(init_op)
# 定义线程协调器和开启线程(有数据在文件当中读取提供给模型)
coord = tf.train.Coordinator()
# 开启线程去运行读取文件操作
threads = tf.train.start_queue_runners(sess, coord=coord)
# 训练识别程序
for i in range(5000):
sess.run(train_op)
print("第%d批次的准确率为:%f" % (i, accuracy.eval()))
# 回收线程
coord.request_stop()
coord.join(threads)
return None
if __name__=='__main__':
captcharec()