由浅clone遇到的问题，剖析理解clone的原理

昨天偶然遇到有人问到关系深克隆和浅克隆的问题，于是我仿写了一个例子，但是我发现打印出来的效果不尽人意：

自定义的teacher，重写了clone方法

public class Teacher implements Cloneable {
    private String name;
    private String course;

    public Teacher(String name, String course) {
        this.name = name;
        this.course = course;
    }

    public Teacher clone() {

        Teacher clone = null;
        try {
            clone = (Teacher) super.clone();
        } catch (CloneNotSupportedException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
        return clone;
    }

    @Override
    public String toString() {
        return this.getName() + " " + this.getCourse();
    }

    public String getName() {
        return name;
    }

    public void setName(String name) {
        this.name = name;
    }

    public String getCourse() {
        return course;
    }

    public void setCourse(String course) {
        this.course = course;
    }
}

自定义student，重写了

public class Student implements Cloneable {
    private String name;
    private int age;
    private Teacher teacher;

    public Student(String name, int age, Teacher teacher) {
        this.name = name;
        this.age = age;
        this.teacher = teacher;
    }

    public Student clone() {
        Student student = null;
        try {
            student = (Student) super.clone();

//            Teacher teacher = this.teacher.clone();
//
//            student.setTeacher(teacher);
        } catch (CloneNotSupportedException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
        return student;
    }

    @Override
    public String toString() {
        return this.getName() + " " + this.getAge() + " " + this.getTeacher();
    }

    public String getName() {
        return name;
    }

    public void setName(String name) {
        this.name = name;
    }

    public int getAge() {
        return age;
    }

    public void setAge(int age) {
        this.age = age;
    }

    public Teacher getTeacher() {
        return teacher;
    }

    public void setTeacher(Teacher teacher) {
        this.teacher = teacher;
    }
}

测试如下：

产生疑问，浅克隆不是修改clone对象的teacher字段，原来的student也会改变吗？

至此，需要从clone方法说起，clone方法是一个native方法，它是C语言的一个动态链接库，他的作用是将student对象的内存克隆一份。如下图：

clone.setTeacher(new Teacher("新来的老师","日语"));这一行代码发生如下变化：

所以修改clone对象的老师，student对象的老师不发生变化。

正确的操作：此时修改的是地址为0031003的老师的姓名，并没有更换新的老师，所以clone对象改变的时候，student对象也发生变化

可以发现和总结：clone方法复制的是栈中的引用形成一个新的对象。