#环境win64+anaconda+python3.6
list & array
(1)list不具有array的全部属性(如维度、转置等)
代码1:
#eg1_1
import numpy as np
a = np.array([[1,2,0,1],[1,6,9,55],[7,8,9,5]])#a为数组
print(a.T)
#Result:
[[ 1 1 7]
[ 2 6 8]
[ 0 9 9]
[ 1 55 5]]
#eg1_2
a = [[1,2,0,1],[1,6,9,55],[7,8,9,5]] #a为列表
print(a.T)
#Result:
'list' object has no attribute 'T'
代码2:
#eg1_3
import numpy as np
a=np.array([[1,2,3],[1,1,4],[1,5,1]])
print(a.shape)
#Result:
(3, 3)
#eg1_4
a=[[1,2,3],[1,1,4],[1,5,1]]
print(a.shape)
#Result
'list' object has no attribute 'shape'
(顺带一提,如何把一个数组转化为列向量:↓)
import numpy as np
a=np.array([[1,2,3],[1,1,4],[1,5,1]])
a=a.reshape(-1,1)
print(a)
#Result:
[[1]
[2]
[3]
[1]
[1]
[4]
[1]
[5]
[1]]
(2)a[:m]的含义,a可以是列表或者数组,但是无论是哪种情况,a[:0]为空
#eg2_1
import numpy as np
a=np.array([[4,1,2],
[7,4,10],
[12,17,88]])
#a=np.array([(4,1,2),
# (7,4,10),
# (12,17,88)]) 这两个a中[和(不一样,其实它们完全一样
print(a[:0])
print(a[:1])
print(a[:2])
#Result:
[]
[[4 1 2]]
[[ 4 1 2]
[ 7 4 10]]
#eg2_1
a=[(4,1,2),(7,4,10),(12,17,88)]
print(a[:0])
print(a[:1])
print(a[:2])
#Result:
[]
[(4, 1, 2)]
[(4, 1, 2), (7, 4, 10)]
(3)array和list关于“==”的计算
#eg3_1
import numpy as np
a=np.array(['dog','cat','car'])
b=np.array(['dog','cat','trunk'])
acc = (np.mean(a == b))
print(acc)
#Result
0.6666666666666666
#eg3_2
import numpy as np
a=['dog','cat','car']
b=['dog','cat','trunk']
acc = (np.mean(a == b))
print(acc)
#Result
0.0
(4)array和list关于“*”的计算
from numpy import *
#a为数组
a=array([[1,2,3],
[4,5,6]])
b=4*a
print(b)
[[ 4 8 12]
[16 20 24]]
from numpy import *
#a为列表
a=([[1,2,3],
[4,5,6]])
b=4*a
print(b)
[[1, 2, 3], [4, 5, 6], [1, 2, 3], [4, 5, 6], [1, 2, 3], [4, 5, 6], [1, 2, 3], [4, 5, 6]]