PMI-ACP练习题(20)

1、A core agile philosophy is effective information sharing among team members. Which communication method ensures this and is an Agile Manifesto principle? A. WebEx B. E-mail C. Telephone D. Face-to-face communication 敏捷核心理念是团队成员之间有效信息共享。以下哪种沟通方法确保了这一点,并且属于敏捷原则?

  • A:WebEx

  • B:电子邮件

  • C:电话

  • D:面对面沟通

D解析:敏捷提倡面对面沟通


2、What is one purpose of value stream mapping? A. Identify areas of Kaizen in a process B. Identify areas of Yorkton in a process C. Identify areas of Kanban in a process D. Identify areas of waste in a process 价值流程图的其中一个目的是

  • A:识别流程中的持续改善

  • B:识别流程中的展开领域

  • C:识别流程中的看板这个领域

  • D:识别流程中的浪费领域

D解析:价值流程图大致包括5个步骤: 1)确认产品,客户和范围 2)流程图作为团队或者个人现时价值流,确认流程步骤,延时和信息需求。估算流程步骤的持续时长和前置期持续时长(lead time durations)。前置期是指在发生前一项流程或者事件需等待的时长。 3)分析价值流程图来确认浪费存在的地方(比如前置期)和流程可完善的地方(流程时间通常认为是价值增加时间,但是应尽量减少整个流程的时间,由此来缩短向客户交付价值流的时间)。 4)通过分析,总结出一份展示价值流应努力达到的前景或者目标的未来价值流程图。 5)通过流程完善活动(即完善)或者其他方法来达到目标的一些工作。


3、Following the XP principle of continuous integration, when is completed code integrated into the code base? A. Immediately B. At the end of the release C. At iteration intervals to synchronize configuration management D. At the end of the sprint 根据持续集成的XP极限编程原则,完成的代码应在何时整合到代码库?

  • A:即刻

  • B:在发布结束时

  • C:在同步配置管理的迭代期间

  • D:在冲刺结束时

A解析:持续整合的极限编程(XP)原则是代码建立后即集成到完整代码库


4、Often times during release planning user stories are categorized and organized by theme. Which of the following agile artifact is often used to show organization and progress of user stories by theme? A. Theme parking garage B. Theme runway C. Story theme chart D. Parking lot chart 通常发布计划期间,用户故事均按主题进行分类和管理。以下哪一项敏捷工件常用来展示用户故事的进展?

  • A:主题停车场

  • B:主题跑道

  • C:故事主题图表

  • D:停车场图表

D解析:停车场图表是一个敏捷文档,用来对用户故事按主题进行分类和管理,往往包括确定主题的名称,用户故事的数量及其包含的故事点,以及展现故事点完成百分比的进度图表。


5、What is one effective way to improve collaboration in an agile effort? A. Through the strict adherence of e-mail for communication B. Through isolation of team members C. Through the use of pair programming D. Through the seating of team members by function 敏捷工作中,提高合作的有效方法是

  • A:通过遵守严格的电子邮件沟通

  • B:通过隔离团队成员

  • C:通过使用结对编程

  • D:根据职责安排团队成员座位

C解析:结对编程是提高协作的有效方法。


6、What is an escaped defect? A. A defect that is almost impossible to duplicate B. A defect that cannot be replicated C. A defect that escapes from a previous defect-free build to the most recent build iteration D. A defect that is not found by the development or testing team and later found by an end-user 漏筛缺陷是指

  • A:几乎不可能复制的缺陷

  • B:不可复制的缺陷

  • C:从上一次迭代中遗漏到本次新迭代中的缺陷

  • D:开发或测试团队没有发现但是被终端用户发现的缺陷

D解析:漏筛缺陷是一个软件缺陷,没有被开发或测试团队发现,但是后来被终端用户发现。


7、How often are the processes of verification and validation performed on an agile project? A. Only as requested by the customer B. Seldom C. Twice a release D. Frequently 敏捷项目中验证和确认发生的频率是

  • A:只在客户要求的时候

  • B:很少

  • C:每一次发布两次

  • D:频繁

D解析:因为每一项迭代通常产生的工作产品是完整的,迭代往往持续2-4周,期间不断地进行验证和确认以确保产品的质量。 验证是为了确保产品的执行符合客户的需求,确认是为了证明产品符合预期 有时候一个产品可能是依照规范执行的,即它可通过验证,但是它并不符合客户的目标,即它不能通过确认。


8、What technology can facilitate some osmotic communication for team members that do NOT share the same workspace? A. Video conferencing B. None C. Mail D. E-mail 对于不在同一个办公区域的团队成员来说,以下哪一技术可促进渗透沟通?

  • A:视频会议

  • B:没有

  • C:信件

  • D:电子邮件

A解析:在缺乏面对面沟通条件的情况下,视频会议是促进沟通最好的方式


9、What person in the agile framework ensures that all stakeholders, including business managers and developers, are collaborating effectively? A. Iteration planner B. Product owner C. Customer D. Project leader 敏捷架构中,负责确保包括商业管理者和开发者在内的所有干系人有效协作的角色是

  • A:迭代计划者

  • B:产品负责人

  • C:客户

  • D:项目领导者

D解析:敏捷中一个常见的误解是敏捷团队并不需要一个领导者。事实上,所有的敏捷团队都需要领导者,但是领导团队的方式从根本上是不同于传统的项目管理人员的。虽然自组织的敏捷团队拥有产品的所有权并承担责任,同时可自行决策,但仍需要一个领导者来鼓励引导团队成员、帮助排除障碍,促进协作等


10、What is a positive indicator that agile may be appropriate to an organization as a new project methodology? A. That the adopting organization values a competitive, non-collaborative environment for the sake of boosting revenue B. That the adopting organization will review the product once at the end of the release when all requirements have been reached C. That the adopting organization values strict, inflexible project management techniques. D. That the adopting organization will assign dedicated customer representatives to the project effort 敏捷作为一种新的项目方法论,适用于那种类型的组织

  • A:为了增加收入,注重竞争,非合作的环境的组织

  • B:在所有需求都已经满足,在发布前再次评审产品的组织

  • C:严格的,不轻易更改项目管理技巧的组织

  • D:为项目工作分配专门的客户代表的组织

D解析:敏捷最适合为协作性,适应性,集体所有权的组织开发新产品,所以选择D


11、In agile, a business case should include which of the following topics? A. Initial velocity estimate B. Defect threshold C. Project standards D. Rate of return 在敏捷中,一项商业论证应包含以下哪项内容

  • A:初始速度估算

  • B:缺陷临界值

  • C:项目标准

  • D:回报率

D解析:商业论证是对项目的目标,策略,里程碑,所需投资和预期回收进行说明的文件。商业论证向客户阐明该项目为什么和怎么样会带来价值。


12、Randy is in the middle of performing a risk-based spike task to understand how the upgrade to Windows 8 required by the customer will impact the user interface. What is one reason Randy would perform a risk-based spike task? A. Manage idle time B. Manage ris

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ACP(Accelerated Coherency Port)是一个高速、低延迟的接口,用于连接处理器、DMA和其他外设。以下是一个简单的ACP接口的Verilog代码示例: ``` module acp_interface( input clk, input reset, // ACP Master signals output [31:0] acp_mstr_addr, output [31:0] acp_mstr_wdata, input [31:0] acp_mstr_rdata, output acp_mstr_wr, output acp_mstr_rd, output acp_mstr_burst, output acp_mstr_size, output acp_mstr_lock, output acp_mstr_cache, output acp_mstr_prot, output acp_mstr_qos, output acp_mstr_id, // ACP Slave signals input [31:0] acp_slv_addr, input [31:0] acp_slv_wdata, output [31:0] acp_slv_rdata, input acp_slv_wr, input acp_slv_rd, input acp_slv_burst, input acp_slv_size, input acp_slv_lock, input acp_slv_cache, input acp_slv_prot, input acp_slv_qos, input acp_slv_id ); // ACP Master FSM reg [2:0] acp_mstr_state; reg [3:0] acp_mstr_cnt; // ACP Slave FSM reg [2:0] acp_slv_state; reg [3:0] acp_slv_cnt; // ACP Slave memory reg [31:0] acp_slv_mem [0:1023]; // 4KB memory // ACP Master states parameter ACP_MSTR_IDLE = 3'd0; parameter ACP_MSTR_ADDR = 3'd1; parameter ACP_MSTR_WRDATA = 3'd2; parameter ACP_MSTR_RDDATA = 3'd3; // ACP Slave states parameter ACP_SLV_IDLE = 3'd0; parameter ACP_SLV_ADDR = 3'd1; parameter ACP_SLV_WRDATA = 3'd2; parameter ACP_SLV_RDDATA = 3'd3; always @(posedge clk) begin if (reset) begin acp_mstr_state <= ACP_MSTR_IDLE; acp_mstr_cnt <= 0; acp_slv_state <= ACP_SLV_IDLE; acp_slv_cnt <= 0; end else begin // ACP Master FSM case (acp_mstr_state) ACP_MSTR_IDLE: begin if (acp_mstr_wr || acp_mstr_rd) begin acp_mstr_state <= ACP_MSTR_ADDR; acp_mstr_cnt <= 0; end end ACP_MSTR_ADDR: begin if (acp_mstr_cnt == 1) begin acp_mstr_state <= ACP_MSTR_WRDATA; acp_mstr_cnt <= 0; end else begin acp_mstr_cnt <= acp_mstr_cnt + 1; end end ACP_MSTR_WRDATA: begin if (acp_mstr_cnt == 1) begin acp_mstr_state <= ACP_MSTR_IDLE; acp_mstr_cnt <= 0; end else begin acp_mstr_cnt <= acp_mstr_cnt + 1; end end ACP_MSTR_RDDATA: begin if (acp_mstr_cnt == 1) begin acp_mstr_state <= ACP_MSTR_IDLE; acp_mstr_cnt <= 0; end else begin acp_mstr_cnt <= acp_mstr_cnt + 1; end end endcase // ACP Slave FSM case (acp_slv_state) ACP_SLV_IDLE: begin if (acp_slv_wr || acp_slv_rd) begin acp_slv_state <= ACP_SLV_ADDR; acp_slv_cnt <= 0; end end ACP_SLV_ADDR: begin if (acp_slv_cnt == 1) begin acp_slv_state <= ACP_SLV_WRDATA; acp_slv_cnt <= 0; end else begin acp_slv_cnt <= acp_slv_cnt + 1; end end ACP_SLV_WRDATA: begin if (acp_slv_cnt == 1) begin acp_slv_state <= ACP_SLV_IDLE; acp_slv_cnt <= 0; if (acp_slv_wr) begin acp_slv_mem[acp_slv_addr >> 2] <= acp_slv_wdata; end end else begin acp_slv_cnt <= acp_slv_cnt + 1; end end ACP_SLV_RDDATA: begin if (acp_slv_cnt == 1) begin acp_slv_state <= ACP_SLV_IDLE; acp_slv_cnt <= 0; if (acp_slv_rd) begin acp_slv_rdata <= acp_slv_mem[acp_slv_addr >> 2]; end end else begin acp_slv_cnt <= acp_slv_cnt + 1; end end endcase end end // ACP Master signals assign acp_mstr_burst = 2'b01; // Incrementing burst assign acp_mstr_size = 2'b10; // 4-byte transfer assign acp_mstr_lock = 1'b0; // No locking assign acp_mstr_cache = 4'b0000; // Non-cacheable assign acp_mstr_prot = 3'b000; // Normal memory assign acp_mstr_qos = 4'b0000; // Default QoS assign acp_mstr_id = 8'h00; // Default ID endmodule ``` 该代码示例包括ACP主机和从机的状态机代码,并包含用于读取和写入从机内存的逻辑。在实际系统中,ACP接口的信号数量和功能可能会有所不同,具体取决于系统设计的需求。

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