rgb24转yuv420P

本文记录了将rgb24的像素数据转为yuv420P的像素数据的方法
1.直接使用公式，遍历rgb每个像素点并将rgb格式转换为yuv格式

static void rgb_to_yuv420(int w, int h, uint8_t *rgb, uint8_t *yuv)
{
    int pixsize;
    int pixIndex;
    uint8_t *y,*u,*v;
    int i,j;
    
    pixsize= w * h;					      //图像大小
    y = yuv;							  //yuv420P y得起始地址
    u = yuv + pixsize;			          //yuv420P u得起始地址
    v = u + pixsize/4;				      //yuv420P v得起始地址

    for (i = 0; i < h; i++) {
    
        for (j = 0; j < w; j++) {
            pixIndex = i * 3 * w + j * 3;
            int nr = rgb[pixIndex];					//获取每个像素点得r,g,b值
            int ng = rgb[pixIndex+1];
            int nb = rgb[pixIndex+2];
            
			*y++ = (uint8_t)( ( 66 * nr + 129 * ng +  25 * nb + 128) >> 8) + 16 ;

            if ((i%2==1) && (j%2==1)) {
				*u++ = (uint8_t)( ( -38 * nr -  74 * ng + 112 * nb + 128) >> 8) + 128 ;
				*v++ = (uint8_t)( ( 112 * nr -  94 * ng -  18 * nb + 128) >> 8) + 128 ;
            }
        }
    }

    return;
 }

2.使用查表法，因为rgb24中r,g,b三个分量的取值范围都是0-255，这样我们可以预先将公式中系数与r,g,b值得乘积保存到数组里，之后在转换得时候就不需要在计算直接从数组里取值就可以了。计算有y,u,v的时候，每个分量都对应着r,g,b，理论上要9个数组。

static uint32_t Y_R[256], Y_G[256], Y_B[256];
static uint32_t U_R[256], U_G[256], U_B[256];
static uint32_t V_G[256], V_B[256]; //因为V_R范围和U_B一致，所以共用一个数组
static void create_rgb_to_yuv_table()
{
    int i;
    for(i = 0; i < 256; i++)	    //r,g,b取值范围为0-256
    {
        Y_R[i] = (i * 1224) >> 12;  //Y对应的查表数组0.2988
        Y_G[i] = (i * 2404) >> 12;  //0.5869
        Y_B[i] = (i * 469)  >> 12;  //0.1162
        U_R[i] = (i * 692)  >> 12;  //U对应的查表数组0.1688
        U_G[i] = (i * 1356) >> 12;  //0.3312
        U_B[i] = i /*(* 2048) */>> 1; //0.5
        V_G[i] = (i * 1731) >> 12;    //0.4184
        V_B[i] = (i * 334)  >> 12;    //0.0816
	}
}

static void rgb_to_yuv420(int w, int h, uint8_t *rgb, uint8_t *yuv)
{
    int pixsize;
    int pixIndex;
    uint8_t *y,*u,*v;
    int i,j;
    int nr,ng,nb;

    if (rgb == NULL || yuv == NULL) {
        return -1;
    }

    if (w <= 0 || h <=0 || bytes <=0) {
        return -2;
    }

    pixsize= w * h;
    y = yuv;
    u = yuv + pixsize;
    v = u + pixsize / 4;

    pixIndex = 0;
    for (i = 0; i < h; i++) {

        for (j = 0; j < w; j++) {

            nr = rgb[pixIndex];
            ng = rgb[pixIndex+1];
            nb = rgb[pixIndex+2];
            pixIndex += 3;
            
            *y++ = Y_R[nr] + Y_G[ng] + Y_B[nb];
            
            if ((i & 0x01) && (j & 0x01)) {
                *u++ =  -U_R[nr] - U_G[ng] + U_B[nb] + 128;
                *v++ =   U_B[nr] - V_G[ng] - V_B[nb] + 128;
            }

        }
    }

    return;
 }