Java获取网卡（MAC）地址

private String getMACAddress() throws UnknownHostException, SocketException {
   	InetAddress ia = InetAddress.getLocalHost();
	byte[] mac = NetworkInterface.getByInetAddress(ia).getHardwareAddress();
	StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder();
	for (int i = 0; i < mac.length; i++) {
		if (i != 0) {
			sb.append("-");
		}
		String str = Integer.toHexString(mac[i] & 0xFF);
		sb.append(str.length() == 1 ? 0 + str : str);
	}
	return sb.toString().toUpperCase();
}

上述代码用的是localhost的方法来获取MAC地址，在某些情况下会返回null，如果是获取MAC地址作为设备的唯一标识，建议使用以下方法：

public static List<String> getMACAddress() throws SocketException {
    Enumeration<NetworkInterface> nis = NetworkInterface.getNetworkInterfaces();
    List<String> list = new ArrayList<>();
    while (nis.hasMoreElements()) {
        NetworkInterface ni = nis.nextElement();
        if (ni != null && ni.isUp()) {
            byte[] bytes = ni.getHardwareAddress();
            if (bytes != null && bytes.length == 6) {
                StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder();
                for (byte b : bytes) {
                     //与11110000作按位与运算以便读取当前字节高4位
                     sb.append(Integer.toHexString((b & 240) >> 4));
                     //与00001111作按位与运算以便读取当前字节低4位
                     sb.append(Integer.toHexString(b & 15));
                     sb.append("-");
                 }
                 sb.deleteCharAt(sb.length() - 1);
                 list.add(sb.toString().toUpperCase());
            }
        }
    }
    return list;
}