225. Implement Stack using Queues

使用队列实现栈的下列操作:

  • push(x) – 元素 x 入栈
  • pop() – 移除栈顶元素
  • top() – 获取栈顶元素
  • empty() – 返回栈是否为空
package com.zhr.queue;

import java.util.LinkedList;
import java.util.Queue;

/**
 * @ Author     :zhenghaoran.
 * @ Date       :Created in 10:08 2019/1/22
 * @ Description:225. Implement Stack using Queues
 * 使用队列实现栈的下列操作:

 push(x) -- 元素 x 入栈
 pop() -- 移除栈顶元素
 top() -- 获取栈顶元素
 empty() -- 返回栈是否为空
 注意:

 你只能使用队列的基本操作-- 也就是 push to back, peek/pop from front, size, 和 is empty 这些操作是合法的。
 你所使用的语言也许不支持队列。 你可以使用 list 或者 deque(双端队列)来模拟一个队列 , 只要是标准的队列操作即可。
 你可以假设所有操作都是有效的(例如, 对一个空的栈不会调用 pop 或者 top 操作)。
 */
public class MyStack {

    Queue<Integer> queue = new LinkedList<Integer>();
    Queue<Integer> help = new LinkedList<Integer>();

    /** Initialize your data structure here. */
    public MyStack() {

    }

    /** Push element x onto stack. */
    public void push(int x) {
        queue.offer(x);
    }

    /**
     * pop只要想让第一个队列的最后一个弹出即可
     * @return
     */
    public int pop() {
        if (queue.isEmpty()) {
            throw new RuntimeException("Stack is empty!");
        }
        while (queue.size() != 1) {
            help.add(queue.poll());
        }
        int res = queue.poll();
        swap();
        return res;
    }

    /**
     * top 只要将最后一个数获取即可
     * @return
     */
    public int top() {
        if (queue.isEmpty()) {
            throw new RuntimeException("Stack is empty!");
        }
        while (queue.size() != 1) {
            help.add(queue.poll());
        }
        int res = queue.poll();
        help.add(res);
        swap();
        return res;
    }

    /** Returns whether the stack is empty. */
    public boolean empty() {
        return queue.isEmpty();
    }

    /**
     * 将指针进行交换
     */
    public void swap(){
        Queue<Integer> tmp = help;
        help = queue;
        queue = tmp;
    }


    public static void main(String[] args) {
        MyStack obj = new MyStack();
        obj.push(1);
        obj.push(2);
        int top = obj.top();
        int pop = obj.pop();
        System.out.println(pop);
        boolean empty = obj.empty();
        System.out.println(empty);
    }
}

/**
 * Your MyStack object will be instantiated and called as such:
 * MyStack obj = new MyStack();
 * obj.push(x);
 * int param_2 = obj.pop();
 * int param_3 = obj.top();
 * boolean param_4 = obj.empty();
 */

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Dataset: Student Records We will implement stack using both array and linked list data structures to store student records. Each student record will have the following information: student name, student ID, and student GPA. 1. Stack using Array: We will use an array to implement stack data structure for storing student records. The array will have a fixed size, and we will use the push, pop, and peek operations to add, remove, and view the top element of the stack, respectively. The Java code for implementing stack using an array is given below: ``` public class StudentRecord { private String name; private int id; private double gpa; public StudentRecord(String name, int id, double gpa) { this.name = name; this.id = id; this.gpa = gpa; } // getters and setters public String toString() { return "Name: " + name + ", ID: " + id + ", GPA: " + gpa; } } public class StudentRecordStack { private StudentRecord[] stack; private int top; private int size; public StudentRecordStack(int size) { stack = new StudentRecord[size]; top = -1; this.size = size; } public void push(StudentRecord record) { if (top == size - 1) { System.out.println("Stack Overflow!"); return; } top++; stack[top] = record; } public StudentRecord pop() { if (top == -1) { System.out.println("Stack Underflow!"); return null; } StudentRecord record = stack[top]; top--; return record; } public StudentRecord peek() { if (top == -1) { System.out.println("Stack Underflow!"); return null; } return stack[top]; } public boolean isEmpty() { return top == -1; } public boolean isFull() { return top == size - 1; } } ``` To test the stack implementation, we can create a few student records and push them onto the stack: ``` public class Main { public static void main(String[] args) { StudentRecordStack stack = new StudentRecordStack(5); StudentRecord record1 = new StudentRecord("John", 1001, 3.5); StudentRecord record2 = new StudentRecord("Jane", 1002, 3.8); StudentRecord record3 = new StudentRecord("Bob", 1003, 3.2); stack.push(record1); stack.push(record2); stack.push(record3); System.out.println(stack.peek()); System.out.println(stack.pop()); System.out.println(stack.pop()); System.out.println(stack.pop()); } } ``` Output: ``` Name: Bob, ID: 1003, GPA: 3.2 Name: Bob, ID: 1003, GPA: 3.2 Name: Jane, ID: 1002, GPA: 3.8 Name: John, ID: 1001, GPA: 3.5 Stack Underflow! ``` 2. Stack using Linked List: We will use a linked list to implement stack data structure for storing student records. The linked list will have a dynamic size, and we will use the push, pop, and peek operations to add, remove, and view the top element of the stack, respectively. The Java code for implementing stack using a linked list is given below: ``` public class StudentRecordNode { private StudentRecord record; private StudentRecordNode next; public StudentRecordNode(StudentRecord record) { this.record = record; this.next = null; } // getters and setters } public class StudentRecordStack { private StudentRecordNode top; public StudentRecordStack() { top = null; } public void push(StudentRecord record) { StudentRecordNode node = new StudentRecordNode(record); node.next = top; top = node; } public StudentRecord pop() { if (top == null) { System.out.println("Stack Underflow!"); return null; } StudentRecord record = top.record; top = top.next; return record; } public StudentRecord peek() { if (top == null) { System.out.println("Stack Underflow!"); return null; } return top.record; } public boolean isEmpty() { return top == null; } } ``` To test the stack implementation, we can create a few student records and push them onto the stack: ``` public class Main { public static void main(String[] args) { StudentRecordStack stack = new StudentRecordStack(); StudentRecord record1 = new StudentRecord("John", 1001, 3.5); StudentRecord record2 = new StudentRecord("Jane", 1002, 3.8); StudentRecord record3 = new StudentRecord("Bob", 1003, 3.2); stack.push(record1); stack.push(record2); stack.push(record3); System.out.println(stack.peek()); System.out.println(stack.pop()); System.out.println(stack.pop()); System.out.println(stack.pop()); } } ``` Output: ``` Name: Bob, ID: 1003, GPA: 3.2 Name: Bob, ID: 1003, GPA: 3.2 Name: Jane, ID: 1002, GPA: 3.8 Name: John, ID: 1001, GPA: 3.5 Stack Underflow! ```
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