s12 第一本书第六章

-：事物4个特‌性
1.原子性
2.一致性
3，永久性
4.隔离性
二：事物分类

显式事务，隐式事物，自动提交事务
三：视图操作
create view vw—StuInfo
AS
select * from Student

1，视图不能进行增删改查擦
视图中的select后不能跟
视图可以嵌套orderby，除非Top关键字
不能有into
引用零时表和变量
四：
索引（index）加快表中的检索记录，同时降低增删改数度
索引会降低增删改效率

1：

BEGIN TRANSACTION
DECLARE @errorSum INT
SET @errorSum=0
/*--插入数据--*/
INSERT INTO Result(StudentNo,SubjectNo,ExamDate,StudentResult)
            VALUES(1,1,GETDATE(),90)
SET @errorSum=@errorSum+@@error
INSERT INTO Result(StudentNo,SubjectNo,ExamDate,StudentResult)
            VALUES(1,1,GETDATE(),70)
SET @errorSum=@errorSum+@@error
INSERT INTO Result(StudentNo,SubjectNo,ExamDate,StudentResult)
            VALUES(2,1,GETDATE(),67)
SET @errorSum=@errorSum+@@error
INSERT INTO Result(StudentNo,SubjectNo,ExamDate,StudentResult)
            VALUES(2,1,GETDATE(),55)
SET @errorSum=@errorSum+@@error
INSERT INTO Result(StudentNo,SubjectNo,ExamDate,StudentResult)
            VALUES(3,1,GETDATE(),102)--分数违反约束
SET @errorSum=@errorSum+@@error
INSERT INTO Result(StudentNo,SubjectNo,ExamDate,StudentResult)
            VALUES(3,4,GETDATE(),90)
SET @errorSum=@errorSum+@@error
INSERT INTO Result(StudentNo,SubjectNo,ExamDate,StudentResult)
            VALUES(4,4,GETDATE(),56)
SET @errorSum=@errorSum+@@error
INSERT INTO Result(StudentNo,SubjectNo,ExamDate,StudentResult)
            VALUES(4,4,GETDATE(),88)
SET @errorSum=@errorSum+@@error
INSERT INTO Result(StudentNo,SubjectNo,ExamDate,StudentResult)
            VALUES(5,4,GETDATE(),40)
SET @errorSum=@errorSum+@@error
INSERT INTO Result(StudentNo,SubjectNo,ExamDate,StudentResult)
            VALUES(5,4,GETDATE(),65)
SET @errorSum=@errorSum+@@error

/*--根据是否有错误，确定事务是提交还是撤销--*/
IF(@errorSum<>0) --如果有错误
  BEGIN
    PRINT '插入失败，回滚事务'
    ROLLBACK TRANSACTION 
  END  
ELSE
  BEGIN
    PRINT '插入成功，提交事务'
    COMMIT TRANSACTION   
  END
GO

2:

BEGIN TRANSACTION
DECLARE @errorSum INT
SET @errorSum=0
/*--查询Result表中所有Y2学员的考试成绩，保存到新表HistoreResult*/
SELECT Result.* INTO HistoreResult 
FROM Result INNER JOIN Student ON Result.StudentNo=Student.StudentNo
INNER JOIN Grade ON Grade.GradeId=Student.GradeId 
WHERE GradeName='Y2'
SET @errorSum=@errorSum+@@error

/*--删除Result表中所有Y2学员的考试成绩*/
DELETE  Result FROM  Result JOIN Student ON Result.StudentNo=Student.StudentNo
INNER JOIN Grade ON Grade.GradeId=Student.GradeId 
WHERE GradeName='Y2'
SET @errorSum=@errorSum+@@error

/*--将Student表中所有Y2的学员记录，保存到新表HistoryStudent*/
SELECT Student.* INTO HistoryStudent
FROM Student INNER JOIN Grade ON Grade.GradeId=Student.GradeId 
WHERE GradeName='Y2'
SET @errorSum=@errorSum+@@error

/*--删除Studet表中所有Y2学员记录*/
DELETE Student FROM Student 
INNER JOIN Grade ON Grade.GradeId=Student.GradeId 
WHERE GradeName='Y2'
SET @errorSum=@errorSum+@@error

/*--根据是否有错误，确定事务是提交还是撤销--*/
IF (@errorSum<>0) --如果有错误
  BEGIN
    PRINT '插入失败，回滚事务'
    ROLLBACK TRANSACTION 
  END  
ELSE
  BEGIN
    PRINT '插入成功，提交事务'
    COMMIT TRANSACTION   
  END
GO

3:

CREATE VIEW vw_student_result_info
AS
  SELECT 姓名=StudentName,学号=Student.StudentNo,
                 联系电话=Phone,学期=GradeName,成绩=Total
  FROM Student
  LEFT OUTER JOIN (
      SELECT r.StudentNo,GradeName,SUM(StudentResult) Total 
      FROM Result r 
      INNER JOIN (
         SELECT StudentNo,SubjectNo,MAX(ExamDate)  ExamDate 
         FROM Result 
         GROUP BY StudentNo,SubjectNo) tmp 
      ON r.ExamDate=tmp.ExamDate
      AND r.SubjectNo = tmp.SubjectNo AND r.StudentNo = tmp.StudentNo
      INNER JOIN Subject sub ON sub.SubjectNo = r.SubjectNo
      INNER JOIN Grade g ON g.GradeId = sub.GradeId
      GROUP By r.StudentNo,GradeName ) TmpResult2 
 ON Student.StudentNo = TmpResult2.StudentNo
 GROUP BY StudentName,Student.StudentNo,Phone,GradeName,Total
GO
SELECT * FROM vw_student_result_info

4:

USE MySchool
GO

IF EXISTS (SELECT name FROM sysindexes
          WHERE name = 'IX_Result_StudentResult')
   DROP INDEX Result.IX_Result_StudentResult  --删除索引
GO

--考试成绩列上创建可重复索引：填充因子为70％--
CREATE INDEX IX_Result_StudentResult
   ON Result(StudentResult)
       WITH FILLFACTOR = 70
GO


--查询输出学生姓名、课程名称、考试日期和考试成绩 
SELECT StudentName '学生姓名',SubjectName '课程名称',ExamDate '考试日期', StudentResult '考试成绩' FROM Subject,Student,Result
WITH (INDEX = IX_Result_StudentResult)
WHERE StudentResult BETWEEN 80 AND 90 AND Student.StudentNo = Result.StudentNo AND Subject.SubjectId = Result.SubjectId