TencentOS-tiny 任务间通信（四）- 信号量

一、任务间通信

1. 信号量

概述

信号量是一种实现任务间同步的机制，一般用于多个任务间有限资源竞争访问。

通常来说，一个信号量中持有一个整形数值，用以表示可用资源的数量。当一个信号量的可用资源数量大于0时，任务尝试获取该信号量成功，信号量的可用资源数减一；当一个信号量的可用资源数等于0时，任务尝试获取该信号量失败或进入阻塞状态。信号量的这一模式，当可用资源数为1时，可将其用于资源的互斥访问；或者解决生产者-消费者问题中的资源生产-消费问题。编程实例章节会演示生产者-消费者问题的解决范式。

API讲解

编程实例

1、在tos_config.h中，配置信号量组件开关TOS_CFG_SEM_EN：

#define TOS_CFG_SEM_EN 1u

2、编写main.c示例代码：

/* USER CODE END Header */

/* Includes ------------------------------------------------------------------*/
#include "main.h"
#include "usart.h"
#include "gpio.h"

/* Private includes ----------------------------------------------------------*/
/* USER CODE BEGIN Includes */
#include "cmsis_os.h" 
#include "stdio.h"

#include "tos_k.h"
/* USER CODE END Includes */

/* Private typedef -----------------------------------------------------------*/
/* USER CODE BEGIN PTD */
#define STK_SIZE_TASK_PRODUCER      512
#define STK_SIZE_TASK_CONSUMER      512

/* USER CODE END PTD */

/* Private define ------------------------------------------------------------*/
/* USER CODE BEGIN PD */
k_stack_t stack_task_producer[STK_SIZE_TASK_PRODUCER];
k_stack_t stack_task_consumer[STK_SIZE_TASK_CONSUMER];

k_task_t task_producer;
k_task_t task_consumer;

extern void entry_task_producer(void *arg);
extern void entry_task_consumer(void *arg);

k_mutex_t buffer_locker;
k_sem_t full;
k_sem_t empty;

#define RESOURCE_COUNT_MAX      3

struct resource_st {
    int cursor;
    uint32_t buffer[RESOURCE_COUNT_MAX];
} resource = { 0, {0} };

/* USER CODE END PD */

/* Private macro -------------------------------------------------------------*/
/* USER CODE BEGIN PM */
static void produce_item(int salt)
{
    printf("produce item:\n");

    printf("%d", salt);
    resource.buffer[resource.cursor++] = salt;
    printf("\n");
}

void entry_task_producer(void *arg)
{
    size_t salt = 0;
    k_err_t err;

    while (K_TRUE) {
        err = tos_sem_pend(&empty, TOS_TIME_FOREVER);
        if (err != K_ERR_NONE) {
            continue;
        }
        err = tos_mutex_pend(&buffer_locker);
        if (err != K_ERR_NONE) {
            continue;
        }

        produce_item(salt);

        tos_mutex_post(&buffer_locker);
        tos_sem_post(&full);
        tos_task_delay(1000);
        ++salt;
    }
}

static void consume_item(void)
{
    printf("cosume item:\n");
    printf("%d\t", resource.buffer[--resource.cursor]);
    printf("\n");
}

void entry_task_consumer(void *arg)
{
    k_err_t err;

    while (K_TRUE) {
        err = tos_sem_pend(&full, TOS_TIME_FOREVER);
        if (err != K_ERR_NONE) {
            continue;
        }
        tos_mutex_pend(&buffer_locker);
        if (err != K_ERR_NONE) {
            continue;
        }

        consume_item();

        tos_mutex_post(&buffer_locker);
        tos_sem_post(&empty);
        tos_task_delay(2000);
    }
}

/* USER CODE END PM */

/* Private variables ---------------------------------------------------------*/

/* USER CODE BEGIN PV */

/* USER CODE END PV */

/* Private function prototypes -----------------------------------------------*/
void SystemClock_Config(void);
/* USER CODE BEGIN PFP */

/* USER CODE END PFP */

/* Private user code ---------------------------------------------------------*/
/* USER CODE BEGIN 0 */

/* USER CODE END 0 */

/**
  * @brief  The application entry point.
  * @retval int
  */
int main(void)
{
  /* USER CODE BEGIN 1 */

  /* USER CODE END 1 */

  /* MCU Configuration--------------------------------------------------------*/

  /* Reset of all peripherals, Initializes the Flash interface and the Systick. */
  HAL_Init();

  /* USER CODE BEGIN Init */

  /* USER CODE END Init */

  /* Configure the system clock */
  SystemClock_Config();

  /* USER CODE BEGIN SysInit */

  /* USER CODE END SysInit */

  /* Initialize all configured peripherals */
  MX_GPIO_Init();
  MX_USART1_UART_Init();
  /* USER CODE BEGIN 2 */
	
	tos_knl_init();
	tos_mutex_create(&buffer_locker);
	tos_sem_create(&full, 0);
	tos_sem_create(&empty, RESOURCE_COUNT_MAX);
	(void)tos_task_create(&task_producer, "producer", entry_task_producer, NULL,
													4, stack_task_producer, STK_SIZE_TASK_PRODUCER, 0);
	(void)tos_task_create(&task_consumer, "consumer", entry_task_consumer, NULL,
													4, stack_task_consumer, STK_SIZE_TASK_CONSUMER, 0);
	tos_knl_start();
  /* USER CODE END 2 */

  /* Infinite loop */
  /* USER CODE BEGIN WHILE */
  while (1)
  {
    /* USER CODE END WHILE */

    /* USER CODE BEGIN 3 */
		
  }
  /* USER CODE END 3 */
}

3、运行效果：

源码链接：Git​​​​​​​