Java设计模式-组合模式

组合模式（Composite Pattern）是用于把一组相似的对象当作一个单一的对象。组合模式依据树形结构来组合对象，用来表示部分以及整体层次。这种类型的设计模式属于结构型模式，它创建了对象组的树形结构。

优点： 1、高层模块调用简单。 2、节点自由增加。

缺点：在使用组合模式时，其叶子和树枝的声明都是实现类，而不是接口，违反了依赖倒置原则。

使用场景：系统对象层次具备整体和部分，呈树形结构，且要求具备统一行为（如树形菜单，操作系统目录结构，公司组织架构等）

 

public class Employee {

	private String name;
	private String dept;
	private int age;
	private int salary;
	private List<Employee> subordinates = new ArrayList<Employee>();

	public Employee(String name, String dept, int age, int salary) {
		this.name = name;
		this.dept = dept;
		this.salary = salary;
		this.age = age;
	}

	public void add(Employee e) {
		subordinates.add(e);
	}

	public void remove(Employee e) {
		subordinates.remove(e);
	}

	public List<Employee> getSubordinates() {
		return subordinates;
	}

	@Override
	public String toString() {
		return "name=" + name + "  dept=" + dept + "  age=" + age + "  salary=" + salary;
	}

	public static void main(String[] args) {
		Employee HuangSir = new Employee("HuangSir", "BOSS", 28, 600000);

		Employee DaLao = new Employee("DaLao", "DevelopDepart Leader", 29, 40000);

		Employee DiaoSi = new Employee("DiaoSi", "TestDepart Leader", 27, 30000);

		Employee ZhangSan = new Employee("ZhangSan", "DevelopDepart", 26, 14000);
		Employee LiSi = new Employee("LiSi", "DevelopDepart", 26, 14000);

		Employee WangWu = new Employee("WangWu", "TestDepart", 26, 8000);
		Employee ZhaoLiu = new Employee("ZhaoLiu", "TestDepart", 26, 8000);

		HuangSir.add(DaLao);
		HuangSir.add(DiaoSi);

		DaLao.add(ZhangSan);
		DaLao.add(LiSi);

		DiaoSi.add(WangWu);
		DiaoSi.add(ZhaoLiu);

		System.out.println(HuangSir);
		for (Employee headEmployee : HuangSir.getSubordinates()) {
			System.out.println(headEmployee);
			for (Employee employee : headEmployee.getSubordinates()) {
				System.out.println(employee);
			}
		}
	}
}

运行结果

name=HuangSir  dept=BOSS  age=28  salary=600000
name=DaLao  dept=DevelopDepart Leader  age=29  salary=40000
name=ZhangSan  dept=DevelopDepart  age=26  salary=14000
name=LiSi  dept=DevelopDepart  age=26  salary=14000
name=DiaoSi  dept=TestDepart Leader  age=27  salary=30000
name=WangWu  dept=TestDepart  age=26  salary=8000
name=ZhaoLiu  dept=TestDepart  age=26  salary=8000