线程的一生
有哪六种状态?
- New
- Runnable
- Blocked
- Waiting
- Timed Waiting
- Terminated
每个状态是什么含义?
新建New、可运行Runnable、已终止Terminated
代码演示
:
/**
* 展示线程的NEW、RUNNABLE、Terminated状态。即使是正在运行,也是Runnable状态,而不是Running。
*/
public class NewRunnableTerminated implements Runnable {
public static void main(String[] args) {
Thread thread = new Thread(new NewRunnableTerminated());
//打印出NEW的状态
System.out.println(thread.getState());
thread.start();
System.out.println(thread.getState());
try {
Thread.sleep(10);
} catch (InterruptedException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
//打印出RUNNABLE的状态,即使是正在运行,也是RUNNABLE,而不是RUNNING
System.out.println(thread.getState());
try {
Thread.sleep(100);
} catch (InterruptedException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
//打印出TERMINATED状态
System.out.println(thread.getState());
}
@Override
public void run() {
for (int i = 0; i < 1000; i++) {
System.out.println(i);
}
}
}
被阻塞Blocked、等待Waiting、计时等待Timed Waiting
代码演示
:
/**
* 展示Blocked, Waiting, TimedWaiting
*/
public class BlockedWaitingTimedWaiting implements Runnable {
public static void main(String[] args) {
BlockedWaitingTimedWaiting runnable = new BlockedWaitingTimedWaiting();
Thread thread1 = new Thread(runnable);
thread1.start();
Thread thread2 = new Thread(runnable);
thread2.start();
try {
Thread.sleep(5);
} catch (InterruptedException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
//打印出Timed_Waiting状态,因为正在执行Thread.sleep(1000);
System.out.println(thread1.getState());
//打印出BLOCKED状态,因为thread2想拿得到sync()的锁却拿不到
System.out.println(thread2.getState());
try {
Thread.sleep(1300);
} catch (InterruptedException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
//打印出WAITING状态,因为执行了wait()
System.out.println(thread1.getState());
}
@Override
public void run() {
syn();
}
private synchronized void syn() {
try {
Thread.sleep(1000);
wait();
} catch (InterruptedException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
}
状态间的转化图示
阻塞状态是什么?
- 一般来说,把Blocked(被阻塞)、Waiting(等待)、Timed_waiting(计时等待)都称为阻塞状态
- 不仅仅是Blocked
面试问题
1.线程有哪几种状态?生命周期是什么?
先讲上面状态间的转化图示圆圈中的状态名,再讲讲转换路径(例如New只能跳转到Runnable),最后讲讲转移条件。
笔记来源:慕课网悟空老师视频《Java并发核心知识体系精讲》