ajax获取servlet发送的数据

最新推荐文章于 2022-01-21 20:00:04 发布

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最新推荐文章于 2022-01-21 20:00:04 发布

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分类专栏：【ajax】

本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/qq_36238595/article/details/75507020

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XMLHTTP中readState与status的状态值
0 (未初始化) 对象已建立，但是尚未初始化（尚未调用open方法）
1 (初始化) 对象已建立，尚未调用send方法
2 (发送数据) send方法已调用，但是当前的状态及http头未知
3 (数据传送中) 已接收部分数据，因为响应及http头不全，这时通过responseBody和responseText获取部分数据会出现错误，
4 (完成) 数据接收完毕,此时可以通过通过responseBody和responseText获取完整的回应数据

当readState为4 status为200时说明成功

通过responseText获取servlet的文本

jsp

<%@ page language="java" import="java.util.*" pageEncoding="UTF-8"%>
<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN">
<html>
  <head>
    <script>
        function getContent() {
            var xmlHttp;
            xmlHttp = createXmlHttp();
            alert("readyState："+xmlHttp.readyState + "status:"+xmlHttp.status);

            xmlHttp.onreadystatechange=function (){
                alert("readyState："+xmlHttp.readyState + "status:"+xmlHttp.status);
                if (xmlHttp.readyState == 4 && xmlHttp.status == 200){
                    alert(xmlHttp.responseText);
                    var text = document.getElementById("text");
                    text.value=xmlHttp.responseText;
                }
            };

            xmlHttp.open("get", "servlet", true);
            xmlHttp.send(null);

        }



        function createXmlHttp() {
        var xmlHttp;
        if(window.XMLHttpRequest)
            {
            xmlHttp = new XMLHttpRequest();
            }
        //兼容IE
        else if(window.ActiveXObject)
            {
            xmlHttp = new ActiveXObject("Microsoft.XMLHTTP");
            if(!xmlHttp)
                {
                xmlHttp = new ActiveXObject("Msxml2.XMLHTTP");
                }
            }
        return xmlHttp;
    }
    </script>

  </head>

  <body>
    <input type="text" id="text">
    <button id="btn" onclick="getContent()">获取ajax数据</button>
  </body>
</html>

servlet

package com.cyh.test;

import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.PrintWriter;

import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;

public class Servlet extends HttpServlet {

    public void doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)
            throws ServletException, IOException {
        request.setCharacterEncoding("UTF-8");
        response.setCharacterEncoding("UTF-8");

        PrintWriter out = response.getWriter();
        out.println("后台发送的数据");
    }

    public void doPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)
            throws ServletException, IOException {
    }

}

若servlet发送json格式

package com.cyh.test;

import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.PrintWriter;

import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;

public class Servlet extends HttpServlet {

    public void doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)
            throws ServletException, IOException {
        request.setCharacterEncoding("UTF-8");
        response.setCharacterEncoding("UTF-8");

        //json格式{k : v, k : v}
        String content = "{\"name\":\"张三\" , \"age\":\"18\"}"; 

        PrintWriter out = response.getWriter();
        out.println(content);
    }

    public void doPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)
            throws ServletException, IOException {
        System.out.println("post");
    }

}

前台接受

<%@ page language="java" import="java.util.*" pageEncoding="UTF-8"%>
<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN">
<html>
  <head>
    <script>
        function getContent() {
            var xmlHttp;
            xmlHttp = createXmlHttp();
            xmlHttp.onreadystatechange=function (){
                if (xmlHttp.readyState == 4 && xmlHttp.status == 200){
                    alert(xmlHttp.responseText);
                }
            };
            xmlHttp.open("get", "servlet", true);
            xmlHttp.send(null);
        }




        function createXmlHttp() {
        var xmlHttp;
        if(window.XMLHttpRequest)
            {
            xmlHttp = new XMLHttpRequest();
            }
        //兼容IE
        else if(window.ActiveXObject)
            {
            xmlHttp = new ActiveXObject("Microsoft.XMLHTTP");
            if(!xmlHttp)
                {
                xmlHttp = new ActiveXObject("Msxml2.XMLHTTP");
                }
            }
        return xmlHttp;
    }
    </script>
  </head>

  <body>
    姓名<input type="text" id="name"><br>
    年龄<input type="text" id="age"><br>
    <button id="btn" onclick="getContent()">获取ajax数据</button>
  </body>
</html>

返回的形式是{“name”:”张三”, “age”:”18”}
通过 var obj = eval(“(“+xmlHttp.responseText+”)”);
返回的obj就是一对象，可以输出key对应的值
alert(obj.name);
alert(obj.age);

导入json jar包

在servlet中可以这样设置
JSONObject content = new JSONObject();
content.put(“name”, “张三”);
content.put(“age”,”19”);

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ajax获取servlet发送的数据

jsp<%@ page language="java" import="java.util.*" pageEncoding="UTF-8"%><!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN"><html> <head> <script> function getContent() {
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