考研复试-英语问答题

考研复试中,我对英语面试的环节心存芥蒂。毕竟我都学习多年的“哑巴”英语。不能不准备,下面是我总结可能会问到的英语复试问题。

目录

1.为什么要考研?

2.what is your opinion about Beijing?

3.could you tell us something about your family?

4.Do you have any hobbies?

5.How did you become insterested in the hobby?

6.what  are your goals for the further/where do you see yourself in five years?

 7.介绍你的家乡。

8.what are you favorite subjects?

9.what your favorite satr?  

10.if you are enrolled what is your plan in the next three years?

11.介绍你的本科学校?

12.介绍你的本科专业?

1.为什么要考研?

During the past four years, I have learned a lot of professional knowledge and practical skills.But gradually I realize it is not enough. In my opinion, further study is actually urgent for me to realize and finally achieve self-value. Life  is precious. It is necesssary to catch any opportunity for self-development especically in the competitive modern society.Therefore i prefer to go  on for furtuer education

2.what is your opinion about Beijing?

Beijing,the capital city  of our nation. Long and brilliant history,the traditional and modern city. These are key words that I can recall from my  mind. But it is the city of my dream as well just like millions of youngsters striving for their future in this city. I am pursuing my dream here.Sometimes life is tough here.However,I still believe it is city of opportunity. It is the place where my dream begins.

3.could you tell us something about your family?

Sure,I have a samll family of 3,,my father my mother and me.My father is very fond of history and he is driver,often not home.My mother is a warm-hearted person and she is a housewife. And I am a fresh college graduate and I am trying to improve myself by further study in your esteemed institution.

4.Do you have any hobbies?

Yes, I love reading books and playing basketball. Because it motivates me when I am depressed .It comforts me when I am distressed. It make me happy when I am sad.

5.How did you become insterested in the hobby?

I love to do sports in  my spare time,playing basketball particular.I begin playing basketball with my best friends in juvenile.We often play game.The begining is difficult , Because my technique is not good .as time goes by, I find playing basketball is very interesting . I don’t care about wining or losing just about the process.

6.what  are your goals for the further/where do you see yourself in five years?

First, I hope I can form systematic view of Postgraduate. As for academic research, my express wish is to get a complete comprehension of the formation  and development as well as NLP. If possible,I will go on with my study for doctorate degree.

In a word, I am looking forward to making a solid foundation  for future profession after study here.

 7.介绍你的家乡。

I am from XXXX, a beautiful city in XXX(省). It is quite famous for its speciaty. XXXX is konwn as XXXXXXXX.it is also the former residence of XXXXX.There are also many tourist attractions here ,such as XXX mountain,XXXXtemple and so on. many people come to visit  and enjoy every year.

There is my beloved hometowm.  

8.what are you favorite subjects?

Data Structure is my favorite subjtects, Because it is the foundation of CS. Data Structure is everywhere,and we oftern use them unkowningly. such as library management,queueing for tickets and so on. In fact, it is difficult ,some aglorithms are abstract but I never though of giving up as long as I keep learning I will succed someday.

9.what your favorite satr?  

Kobe Bryant is my favorite star and he is an outstanding athlete.He said "Do  you know Los angeles at four in the morning?". When he said this he was so proud and magnificent,unfortunately, he died suddenly last year.But the spirit of Black Mamba has always inspired me when I have problem .He has been  in  my heart.

10.if you are enrolled what is your plan in the next three years?

If I was enrolled successfully I hope that in the next period. I will try my  best to  learn the knowledge, then improve my English skills for example passing the IELTS or TOEEL exams. If there is a chance to go abroad. I will certainly seize the opportunity.These are my plans.

11.介绍你的本科学校?

XXXX was founded in XXX(年份). It has a history of more than XXX years. The school features XXXX(列如:通信、烟草等等).XXXXX major ranks frist in the province. Existing XXXX campus and XXXX campus. I am very grateful for the four years here. it taught me a lot.

12.介绍你的本科专业?

My major is Computer science and I study basic computer theroy .For example computer network,opearting system,data structure and so on. These courses gave me a deeper understanding of computers.Teach me to use computer better.

<think>好的,用户需要关于Hadoop的考研复试常见问答题及答案。首先,我要回忆Hadoop的核心知识点,包括其组成、HDFS和MapReduce的原理、YARN的作用,以及优化和容错机制等。然后,结合已有的引用内容,看看有没有可以借鉴的结构或者回答方式。例如,引用[3]中关于进程和线程的问题,可以参考其对比结构。同时,要确保使用正确的LaTeX格式,行内公式用$...$,独立公式用$$...$$,并且引用标识要自然添加。还要注意回答要结构清晰,分点说明,帮助用户逐步理解。最后,生成相关问题,覆盖Hadoop的基础、优化、应用场景等,确保覆盖面广,问题有针对性。</think>### Hadoop 考研复试常见问答题及答案 #### 1. **简述Hadoop的核心组件及其功能** Hadoop生态系统包含以下核心组件: - **HDFS (Hadoop Distributed File System)**:分布式文件存储系统,支持海量数据存储,通过分块(默认128MB)和副本机制(默认3份)实现高容错性[^1]。 - **MapReduce**:分布式计算框架,将任务拆分为`Map`和`Reduce`两个阶段。`Map`阶段处理原始数据并生成键值对,`Reduce`阶段汇总结果。例如: $$ \text{WordCount中,Map输出} \ (word, 1), \ \text{Reduce统计总和} $$ - **YARN (Yet Another Resource Negotiator)**:资源管理平台,负责集群资源调度和任务监控,支持多计算框架(如Spark、Flink)运行[^2]。 #### 2. **HDFS如何保证数据可靠性?** - **副本机制**:每个数据块默认保存3个副本,存储在不同节点上。 - **心跳检测**:NameNode定期接收DataNode心跳信号,若超时则触发副本复制。 - **校验和**:客户端写入数据时生成校验和,读取时验证数据完整性。 #### 3. **MapReduce的Shuffle过程是什么?** Shuffle是Map输出到Reduce输入之间的过程,包括: 1. **分区(Partitioning)**:按键的哈希值将Map输出分配到不同Reduce任务。 2. **排序(Sorting)**:每个分区内按键排序,便于Reduce合并。 3. **溢写(Spilling)**:当内存缓冲区满时,数据写入本地磁盘并合并。 4. **拉取(Fetch)**:Reduce任务从多个Map节点拉取对应分区的数据[^3]。 #### 4. **Hadoop的优化方法有哪些?** - **小文件合并**:使用`HAR`或`CombineFileInputFormat`减少Map任务数。 - **压缩中间数据**:启用Snappy或LZO压缩,降低磁盘I/O和网络传输开销。 - **调整参数**:如增大`mapreduce.task.io.sort.mb`(排序内存)、合理设置Reduce任务数。 - **使用Combiner**:在Map端局部聚合数据,减少Shuffle数据量。 #### 5. **YARN相比传统MapReduce的优势?** - **资源隔离与共享**:YARN将资源管理与任务调度解耦,支持多任务并发运行(如批处理与实时计算)。 - **扩展性**:可动态调整集群资源分配,避免资源浪费。 - **兼容性**:支持非MapReduce框架(如Spark、Tez),提升集群利用率。 ---
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