一:HttpClient简介
1.:由 apache 推出的实现使用 java 代码完成请求/响应的一套 API
2:实现效果:模拟浏览器发送请求及解析响应内容
3.:常用类
CloseableHttpClient :负责发送请求和接收响应.相当于浏览器
HttpPost:Post请求对象,所有请求信息都放入到这个对象中
HttpGet:get请求对象,所有请求信息都放入到这个对象中
CloseableHttpResponse:响应对象,所有响应信息放入到这个类
EntityUtils:工具类,解析响应体
二:测试代码
1:maven依赖
<dependency>
<groupId>org.apache.httpcomponents</groupId>
<artifactId>httpclient</artifactId>
<version>4.4.1</version>
</dependency>
2:get请求
2.1:不带参数
public void doGet() throws Exception {
//创建一个httpclient对象
CloseableHttpClient httpClient = HttpClients.createDefault();
//创建一个GET对象
HttpGet get = new HttpGet("http://www.sogou.com");
//执行请求
CloseableHttpResponse response = httpClient.execute(get);
//取响应的结果
int statusCode = response.getStatusLine().getStatusCode();
System.out.println(statusCode);
HttpEntity entity = response.getEntity();
String string = EntityUtils.toString(entity, "utf-8");
System.out.println(string);
//关闭httpclient
response.close();
httpClient.close();
}
2.2:带参数
public void doGetWithParam() throws Exception{
//创建一个httpclient对象
CloseableHttpClient httpClient = HttpClients.createDefault();
//创建一个uri对象
URIBuilder uriBuilder = new URIBuilder("http://www.sogou.com/web");
uriBuilder.addParameter("query", "花千骨");
HttpGet get = new HttpGet(uriBuilder.build());
//执行请求
CloseableHttpResponse response = httpClient.execute(get);
//取响应的结果
int statusCode = response.getStatusLine().getStatusCode();
System.out.println(statusCode);
HttpEntity entity = response.getEntity();
String string = EntityUtils.toString(entity, "utf-8");
System.out.println(string);
//关闭httpclient
response.close();
httpClient.close();
}
3:post请求
3.1:不带参数
public void doPost() throws Exception {
CloseableHttpClient httpClient = HttpClients.createDefault();
//创建一个post对象
HttpPost post = new HttpPost("http://localhost:8082/httpclient/post.html");
//执行post请求
CloseableHttpResponse response = httpClient.execute(post);
String string = EntityUtils.toString(response.getEntity());
System.out.println(string);
response.close();
httpClient.close();
}
3.2:带参数
public void doPostWithParam() throws Exception{
CloseableHttpClient httpClient = HttpClients.createDefault();
//创建一个post对象
HttpPost post = new HttpPost("http://localhost:8082/httpclient/post.html");
//创建一个Entity。模拟一个表单
List<NameValuePair> kvList = new ArrayList<>();
kvList.add(new BasicNameValuePair("username", "zhangsan"));
kvList.add(new BasicNameValuePair("password", "123"));
//包装成一个Entity对象
StringEntity entity = new UrlEncodedFormEntity(kvList, "utf-8");
//设置请求的内容
post.setEntity(entity);
//执行post请求
CloseableHttpResponse response = httpClient.execute(post);
String string = EntityUtils.toString(response.getEntity());
System.out.println(string);
response.close();
httpClient.close();
}